Brazil


Brazil is the fifth most populous nation in the world. History In prehistory, antiquity, and most of classical and medieval times, Brazil was the home of Amazonian peoples. It is generally accepted that Pedro Alvarez Cabral reached it on April 22, 1500, at the very end of what are called classical and medieval times on this site. With this exception, all its history as nation of Western Civilization is modern. Its future is not yet well examined.	Sapience Home Site map About Sapience Sociology Peoples Nations Links to other sites Wikipedia - Brazil CIA World Factbook - Brazil
Other Sociology Other Peoples of the World Other Nations .Those nations I have made connections to are listed below under the peoples they belong to. [Others to be connected include Belarus Somalia, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Sweden, Haiti, Burundi, Benin, Austria Azerbaijan, Honduras, Switzerland, Bulgaria, Tajikistan, Israel, El Salvador, Hong Kong Paraguay, Laos, Sierra Leone, Jordan, Libya, Papua, Togo, Nicaragua Denmark, Slovakia, Kyrgystan, Finland] Western civilization Brazil is considered to belong to Western civilization, which also includes Hungary. Scandinavian peoples can also be connected. It particularly belongs to the latin peoples, along with Portugal, most specifically to Lusitanic peoples. Hispanic peoples including those of Cuba are close neighbors. Hispanic Argentine American peoples including those of Argentina are fairly closely connected. Hispanic Peruvian American peoples including those of Chile can be connected. Peru can be connected. Hispanic Colombian American peoples including Ecuador can be connected. Colombia can be connected. Venezuela can be connected. Hispanic Mexican American peoples including those of Guatemala can be connected. Mexico can be connected. Spain can be connected. There are also connections with French peoples including those of France. Italic peoples including those of Italy can be connected. There is limited connection to Anglic peoples including Australia and Anglo-American peoples including Canada. The United States can be connected. British peoples of the UK can be connected. Germanic peoples including Belgium can be connected. Germany can be connected. The Netherlands can be connected. Northeast European peoples including the Czech Republic can be connected. Poland can be connected. Russia can be connected. Ukraine can be connected. Balkan peoples including those of Serbia can be connected. Greece can be connected. Romania can be connected. American Indian peoples There remain some indigenous American Indian peoples. Cuba can be connected. South American Indian peoples including those of Ecuador can be connected. The principal connections are with Amazonian peoples, and some peoples of Argentina can also be connected. Andean peoples including those of Chile can be connected. Colombia can be connected. Argentina can be connected. Peru can be connected. Venezuela can be connected. Cono/Southern American Indian peoples including those of Chile can be connected. Argentina can be connected. Middle American Indian peoples found in Guatemala are also connected. Meso-American peoples including those of Mexico can be connected. Southwestern American Indian peoples including those of the southwestern United States seem to be weakly connected. North American Indian peoples found in Canada seem to be weakly connected. Eastern North American Indian peoples of the eastern United States can be connected. Western North American Indian peoples of the western United States can be be connected. African peoples Connections with African peoples are represented by such nations as Chad. West African peoples including those of Guinea can be connected. Western Coastal West African peoples such as those of Senegal can be connected. Southern Coastal West African peoples such as those of Cote d'Ivoire can be connected. Nigeria can be connected. Ghana can be connected. Interior West African peoples including those of Mali can be connected. Burkina Faso can be connected. Niger can be connected. Central African peoples including those of Angola can be connected. Congo can be connected. Cameroon can be connected. Southern African peoples including those of Zambia can be connected. South Africa can be connected. Mozambique can be connected. Madagascar can be connected. Malawi can be connected. Zimbabwe can be connected. East African peoples including those of Rwanda can be connected. Northern East African peoples including those of Ethiopia can be considered. Central East African peoples including those of Uganda can be connected. Tanzania can be connected. Kenya can be connected. Interior East African peoples including those of Sudan can be connected. Asiatic peoples There are also connections with Asiatic peoples, such as those of Tunisia. Middle Eastern peoples such as those of Syria can be connected. North African peoples including those of Morocco can be connected. Algeria can be connected. Egypt can be connected. Turkey can be connected. Persian peoples including those of Afghanistan can be connected. Iran can be connected. Mesopotamian peoples including those of Iraq can be connected. Arabian peoples including those of Yemen can be connected. Saudi Arabia can be connected. South Asian peoples such as those of Sri Lanka can be connected. India can be connected. Pakistan can be connected. Bangladesh can be connected. Nepal is distant. Southeast Asian peoples such as those of Cambodia can be considered. Southeast Asian Archipelagoes including Indonesia, the Philippines can be connected. Mainland Southeast Asia including Malaysia can be considered. Vietnam can be connected. Thailand can be connected. Burma can be connected. Australia can be connected. Oriental peoples such as those of Taiwan can be connected. China, Japan, and South Korea are distant. North Korea can be connected. Central Asian peoples such as those of Kazakhstan can be connected. Inner Asian peoples including those of Uzbekistan can be connected. Communities Major cities and other important communities of Brazil include: Rio de Janeiro Sao Paulo Major cities of other nations and peoples that might be connected include Tokyo, Canton, Seoul, Shangai, Mexico City, Delhi, New York City, Sao Paulo Social structure and change Social change Particular changes can be considered. The agricultural revolution had mostly passed by the time Brazil was settled in modern times. The agrarian revolution can be considered. Bronze age movements, early iron age movements, and later iron age movements has mostly passed by the time Brazil was settled in modern times, but modernization can be considered. The industrial revolution in the early and middle stages will be discussed. The late industrial revolution can be connected. Social change factors Institutional change can be connected. Cultural change can be connected. Demographic change can be connected. Natural change can be connected. Social change processes including transmission, adaptation, and extinction will be significant. Innovation can be connected. Social types Brazil has become at least partly industrial with late industrial, middle industrial, and early industrial features. It has been mostly agrarian including early modern society. Late iron age, early iron age, and bronze age societies had mostly been succeeded by the time it was settled. Horticultural society can be connected. Hunting and gathering societies can be connected. Social structure includes anthropological structure. Community and regional structure can be connected. Class structure can be connected. Institutional structure can be connected. Cultural structure can be connected. Institutions Religion The religious traditions of Brazil are predominantly connected with Abrahamic religion, predominantly Christian, and more Catholic than Protestant, Orthodox, or Mormon. It is not believed that Old Christianity reached Brazil. Roman Catholicism has been predominant. Islam is not well represented. Judaism is present to a small extent. There is some connection to Pagan religion, including American Indian, African, European pagan, Asiatic pagan, and neopagan religion. Secularism is present. There seems to be little influence from asiatic religion including persian religion, Indian religion, or Oriental religion. Organization is to some extent unorganized, fragmented, but it tends more towards highly organized. Practices and beliefs are reserved for future discussion. Government Particular governments including local government, national government, and links to international government can be made. Brazil has no connections to traditional empires, but it does to Colonial empires and modern contacts. Government activities including succession, administration, and state relations will be important.Government structure such as political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, Heads of state, and forms of government will be discussed. Law including Western law, Asiatic law, tribal law, and international law can be discussed. Economics Economic activity including production, distribution and exchange, and consumption can be considered. Industries with companies, agriculture, extraction and manufacturing, building and construction, social and medical, transportation, communication, and commercial and financial industries can be considered. Economic systems including firms, networks, system types, and economics system behavior can be considered. Education Particular schools including primary, secondary, and higher education will be useful. Educational organization including administration, faculty, students, and course material can be connected. Cultural institutions including performance venues, libraries, and museums can be connected. Teaching can be connected. Research can be connected. Families Particular families can be connected. Kinship can be connected. Parenting can be connected. Marriage can be connected. Culture Behavioral culture Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, disasters, gatherings, and holidays can be considered. Recreation and entertainment including music, dance, theater, games, and sports can be examined. Occupations including food related, building-related, transportation related, communication related, industrial, and service related occupations will be important. Customs including vital, living and dwelling, dress and adornment, social interaction, and Institutional customs can be connected. Conceptual culture Philosophy including logic, metaphysics, epistemology, aesthetics, ethics, and special topics can be considered. Applied science such as measurement, engineering science, navigation, medical science, information and computing science, acounting, and applied social science has been comparatively slow to develop. Mathematics including statistics, geometry, analysis, algebra, arithmetic, and mathematical foundations can be connected. Literature including particular works, literary types and genres, literary forms, and oral tradition can be connected. Graphic arts including animation, photography, printmaking, painting, and drawing can be connected. Language including languages of the world, writing systems, and linguistics can be connected. Material components such as industrial technology, building tehnology, foodstuffs, clothing and dress, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts will be developed further as the site expands. Anthropology Particular groups can possibly be included. Human geography is mostly limited to South America. Area is 8,511,965 km², giving an estimated mean population density of 22.5 persons per km². Human ecology is connected to influence of the environment on people, other life, and influence of people on the environment. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion is significant. Demography including births, migration, deaths, population size and structure, and population change is significant. Estimated population is 191,908,598. Social foundations inluding social presentation, social interaction, social control, social group behavior, and group types can be considered. Personal studies Biography is not yet useful since I have not yet identified or included prominent figures. The human body including body systems, body function, life cycle, disease, and form and appearance sems to be mostly indirectly useful. Psychology including behavioral fundamentals, mind, behavior patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology is significant. Science Physics, chemistry, and astronomy will be discussed as the site develops. Earth science including geology, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, and physical geography, can be connected. Geohistory including Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic biolgy can be connected. Biology including molecular biology, cell biology, and organism biology seems to be moderately useful. Systematics including microbes, protists, plants, fungi, and animals seems to be useful. Ecology including behavioral ecology, population ecology, community ecology, systems ecology, evolution, ecosystems, and biogeography seems to be useful. Biohistory may also be useful, although Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic life seems less directly useful than Cenozoic life.

Brazil is the fifth most populous nation in the world.

History

In prehistory, antiquity, and most of classical and medieval times, Brazil was the home of Amazonian peoples. It is generally accepted that Pedro Alvarez Cabral reached it on April 22, 1500, at the very end of what are called classical and medieval times on this site. With this exception, all its history as nation of Western Civilization is modern. Its future is not yet well examined.

Other Sociology

Other Peoples of the World

Other Nations

.Those nations I have made connections to are listed below under the peoples they belong to. [Others to be connected include Belarus Somalia, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Sweden, Haiti, Burundi, Benin, Austria Azerbaijan, Honduras, Switzerland, Bulgaria, Tajikistan, Israel, El Salvador, Hong Kong Paraguay, Laos, Sierra Leone, Jordan, Libya, Papua, Togo, Nicaragua Denmark, Slovakia, Kyrgystan, Finland]

Western civilization

Brazil is considered to belong to Western civilization, which also includes Hungary. Scandinavian peoples can also be connected.

It particularly belongs to the latin peoples, along with Portugal, most specifically to Lusitanic peoples. Hispanic peoples including those of Cuba are close neighbors. Hispanic Argentine American peoples including those of Argentina are fairly closely connected. Hispanic Peruvian American peoples including those of Chile can be connected. Peru can be connected. Hispanic Colombian American peoples including Ecuador can be connected. Colombia can be connected. Venezuela can be connected. Hispanic Mexican American peoples including those of Guatemala can be connected. Mexico can be connected. Spain can be connected. There are also connections with French peoples including those of France. Italic peoples including those of Italy can be connected.

There is limited connection to Anglic peoples including Australia and Anglo-American peoples including Canada. The United States can be connected. British peoples of the UK can be connected.

Germanic peoples including Belgium can be connected. Germany can be connected. The Netherlands can be connected.

Northeast European peoples including the Czech Republic can be connected. Poland can be connected. Russia can be connected. Ukraine can be connected.

Balkan peoples including those of Serbia can be connected. Greece can be connected. Romania can be connected.

American Indian peoples

There remain some indigenous American Indian peoples. Cuba can be connected.

South American Indian peoples including those of Ecuador can be connected. The principal connections are with Amazonian peoples, and some peoples of Argentina can also be connected. Andean peoples including those of Chile can be connected. Colombia can be connected. Argentina can be connected. Peru can be connected. Venezuela can be connected. Cono/Southern American Indian peoples including those of Chile can be connected. Argentina can be connected.

Middle American Indian peoples found in Guatemala are also connected. Meso-American peoples including those of Mexico can be connected. Southwestern American Indian peoples including those of the southwestern United States seem to be weakly connected.

North American Indian peoples found in Canada seem to be weakly connected. Eastern North American Indian peoples of the eastern United States can be connected. Western North American Indian peoples of the western United States can be be connected.

African peoples

Connections with African peoples are represented by such nations as Chad.

West African peoples including those of Guinea can be connected. Western Coastal West African peoples such as those of Senegal can be connected. Southern Coastal West African peoples such as those of Cote d'Ivoire can be connected. Nigeria can be connected. Ghana can be connected. Interior West African peoples including those of Mali can be connected. Burkina Faso can be connected. Niger can be connected.

Central African peoples including those of Angola can be connected. Congo can be connected. Cameroon can be connected.

Southern African peoples including those of Zambia can be connected. South Africa can be connected. Mozambique can be connected. Madagascar can be connected. Malawi can be connected. Zimbabwe can be connected.

East African peoples including those of Rwanda can be connected. Northern East African peoples including those of Ethiopia can be considered. Central East African peoples including those of Uganda can be connected. Tanzania can be connected. Kenya can be connected. Interior East African peoples including those of Sudan can be connected.

Asiatic peoples

There are also connections with Asiatic peoples, such as those of Tunisia.

Middle Eastern peoples such as those of Syria can be connected. North African peoples including those of Morocco can be connected. Algeria can be connected. Egypt can be connected. Turkey can be connected. Persian peoples including those of Afghanistan can be connected. Iran can be connected. Mesopotamian peoples including those of Iraq can be connected. Arabian peoples including those of Yemen can be connected. Saudi Arabia can be connected.

South Asian peoples such as those of Sri Lanka can be connected. India can be connected. Pakistan can be connected. Bangladesh can be connected. Nepal is distant.

Southeast Asian peoples such as those of Cambodia can be considered. Southeast Asian Archipelagoes including Indonesia, the Philippines can be connected. Mainland Southeast Asia including Malaysia can be considered. Vietnam can be connected. Thailand can be connected. Burma can be connected. Australia can be connected.

Oriental peoples such as those of Taiwan can be connected. China, Japan, and South Korea are distant. North Korea can be connected.

Central Asian peoples such as those of Kazakhstan can be connected. Inner Asian peoples including those of Uzbekistan can be connected.

Communities

Major cities and other important communities of Brazil include:

Major cities of other nations and peoples that might be connected include Tokyo, Canton, Seoul, Shangai, Mexico City, Delhi, New York City, Sao Paulo

Social structure and change

Social change

Particular changes can be considered. The agricultural revolution had mostly passed by the time Brazil was settled in modern times. The agrarian revolution can be considered. Bronze age movements, early iron age movements, and later iron age movements has mostly passed by the time Brazil was settled in modern times, but modernization can be considered. The industrial revolution in the early and middle stages will be discussed. The late industrial revolution can be connected.

Social change factors

Institutional change can be connected. Cultural change can be connected. Demographic change can be connected. Natural change can be connected.

Social change processes including transmission, adaptation, and extinction will be significant. Innovation can be connected.

Social types

Brazil has become at least partly industrial with late industrial, middle industrial, and early industrial features. It has been mostly agrarian including early modern society. Late iron age, early iron age, and bronze age societies had mostly been succeeded by the time it was settled. Horticultural society can be connected. Hunting and gathering societies can be connected.

Social structure includes anthropological structure. Community and regional structure can be connected. Class structure can be connected. Institutional structure can be connected. Cultural structure can be connected.

Institutions

Religion

The religious traditions of Brazil are predominantly connected with Abrahamic religion, predominantly Christian, and more Catholic than Protestant, Orthodox, or Mormon. It is not believed that Old Christianity reached Brazil. Roman Catholicism has been predominant. Islam is not well represented. Judaism is present to a small extent. There is some connection to Pagan religion, including American Indian, African, European pagan, Asiatic pagan, and neopagan religion. Secularism is present. There seems to be little influence from asiatic religion including persian religion, Indian religion, or Oriental religion. Organization is to some extent unorganized, fragmented, but it tends more towards highly organized. Practices and beliefs are reserved for future discussion.

Government

Particular governments including local government, national government, and links to international government can be made. Brazil has no connections to traditional empires, but it does to Colonial empires and modern contacts. Government activities including succession, administration, and state relations will be important.Government structure such as political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, Heads of state, and forms of government will be discussed. Law including Western law, Asiatic law, tribal law, and international law can be discussed.

Economics

Economic activity including production, distribution and exchange, and consumption can be considered. Industries with companies, agriculture, extraction and manufacturing, building and construction, social and medical, transportation, communication, and commercial and financial industries can be considered. Economic systems including firms, networks, system types, and economics system behavior can be considered.

Education

Particular schools including primary, secondary, and higher education will be useful. Educational organization including administration, faculty, students, and course material can be connected. Cultural institutions including performance venues, libraries, and museums can be connected. Teaching can be connected. Research can be connected.

Families

Particular families can be connected. Kinship can be connected. Parenting can be connected. Marriage can be connected.

Culture

Behavioral culture

Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, disasters, gatherings, and holidays can be considered. Recreation and entertainment including music, dance, theater, games, and sports can be examined. Occupations including food related, building-related, transportation related, communication related, industrial, and service related occupations will be important. Customs including vital, living and dwelling, dress and adornment, social interaction, and Institutional customs can be connected.

Conceptual culture

Philosophy including logic, metaphysics, epistemology, aesthetics, ethics, and special topics can be considered. Applied science such as measurement, engineering science, navigation, medical science, information and computing science, acounting, and applied social science has been comparatively slow to develop. Mathematics including statistics, geometry, analysis, algebra, arithmetic, and mathematical foundations can be connected. Literature including particular works, literary types and genres, literary forms, and oral tradition can be connected. Graphic arts including animation, photography, printmaking, painting, and drawing can be connected. Language including languages of the world, writing systems, and linguistics can be connected.

Material components such as industrial technology, building tehnology, foodstuffs, clothing and dress, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts will be developed further as the site expands.

Anthropology

Particular groups can possibly be included. Human geography is mostly limited to South America. Area is 8,511,965 km², giving an estimated mean population density of 22.5 persons per km². Human ecology is connected to influence of the environment on people, other life, and influence of people on the environment. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion is significant. Demography including births, migration, deaths, population size and structure, and population change is significant. Estimated population is 191,908,598. Social foundations inluding social presentation, social interaction, social control, social group behavior, and group types can be considered.

Personal studies

Biography is not yet useful since I have not yet identified or included prominent figures.

The human body including body systems, body function, life cycle, disease, and form and appearance sems to be mostly indirectly useful. Psychology including behavioral fundamentals, mind, behavior patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology is significant.

Science

Physics, chemistry, and astronomy will be discussed as the site develops. Earth science including geology, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, and physical geography, can be connected. Geohistory including Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic biolgy can be connected.

Biology including molecular biology, cell biology, and organism biology seems to be moderately useful. Systematics including microbes, protists, plants, fungi, and animals seems to be useful. Ecology including behavioral ecology, population ecology, community ecology, systems ecology, evolution, ecosystems, and biogeography seems to be useful. Biohistory may also be useful, although Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic life seems less directly useful than Cenozoic life.