Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city, or urban agglomeration, of Turkey and is one of the 25 largest in the world.

History

Antiquity

Byzantium is traditionally considered to have been founded in the early first millennium BC, specifically the 7th century BC by the Greek king Byzas. I do not have details of the 6th century BC.

Classical and medieval history

In early classical times, I do not yet have details of the 5th century BC, the 4th century BC, the 3rd century BC, or the 2nd century BC. In about the 1st century BC, it was taken about 100 BC as part of the Roman empire.

In late classical times, it was made the Roman capital by Constantine and renamed Constantinople. I do not yet have details of the 1st century CE, 2nd century CE, 3rd century CE, 4th century CE, or 5th century CE. Through early medieval times it continued as the capital of the Eastern Roman or Byzantine empire. I do not yet have details of the 6th century CE, the 7th century CE, the 8th century CE, the 9th century CE, or the 10th century CE. It was the capital of the Byzantine empire through most of late medieval times. I do not yet have details of the 11th century, 12th century, 13th century, or 14th century. In the 15th century, In 1453 it was captured by the Ottoman Turks and renamed Istanbul.

Modern history

I have little information about it for the 16th century including the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century. The 17th century including the early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be considered. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late-mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. Information about it through the 19th century including the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late-mid 19th century, and late 19th century is not yet present.

20th century. Details about it through the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, and mid 20th century are also not yet present. The late mid 20th century including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s can be considered. Some attention is being given to the late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s.

The focus of current events is on the early 21st century, including the early 2000s. The late 2000s including 2006 are being examined. Events of 2007 including those of the first quarter, second quarter, third quarter, and fourth quarter including September, October, and November may be identified. Events of 2008 can be considered. Events of 2009 including the first quarter 2009, second quarter 2009, third quarter 2009, and fourth quarter 2009 can be connected. 2010 can be considered. The early 2010s can be connected. 2011 can be connected. The first quarter 2011 can be connected. January 2011 including 2011 week 1, 2011 week 2, 2011 week 3, 2011 week 4, 2011 week 5, and 2011 week 6 can be connected. February 2011 and March 2011 can be connected. The second quarter 2011 and third quarter 2011 can be connected. Its future is obscure.

Other Sociology

Connections to peoples will be developed. Connections to particular nations are not clear. This belongs particularly to Asiatic peoples, presently to Middle Eastern peoples. Connections to other cities are not yet clear. Connections to social structure and change including social change, social types, and social structure will be considered.

The institutions of families, education, economics, and government are all highly important. Religion, including beliefs, practices, organization, and particular traditions has also been very important.

Culture including material culture, conceptual culture, and behavioral culture will be highly important. Anthropology including particular groups, human geography, human ecology, physical anthropology, demography, and social foundations can be connected. Personal studies including biography, psychology, and the human body can be connected. Science including biology, earth science, astronomy, chemistry, and physics can be connected.


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© 2006 - 2011 Thad Coons
Created 22 Sep 2006, Updated 27 Sep 2011