Physical Geography


Physical geography involves the discussion of particular bodies of land and water on the surface of the earth. It includes discussion of the geology, hydrospheric science, and climate of these areas. It does not include discussion of the living things, human habitation, or economic resources of these areas: These are more specifically mentioned in the included areas of biogeography and human geography and ecology.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience Science Earth Science Mapping Terrestrial geography Oceanic geography

Physical geography involves the discussion of particular bodies of land and water on the surface of the earth. It includes discussion of the geology, hydrospheric science, and climate of these areas. It does not include discussion of the living things, human habitation, or economic resources of these areas: These are more specifically mentioned in the included areas of biogeography and human geography and ecology.

Mapping

This subject includes details of location and particular regions.

Oceanic geography

Oceanic geography includes the description of the particular oceans and major bodies of water of the world (and accompanying islands)

Terrestrial geography

Terrestrial geography includes the description of the major continents and land masses of the world (and accompanying bodies of water). One of the principal continents is Eurasia.


History Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory can be connected. Antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC can be connected. There were some developments in classical and medieval times including early classical times, late classical times, early medieval times, and late medieval times.
Most developments have been modern. The 16th century and 17th century can be connected. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. In the 19th century, including the late-mid 19th and late 19th century, advanced this considerably. The 20th century has provided the most detail. New developments were made in the early 20th century. The early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, and late mid 20th century can be connected. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s and late 2000s can be connected. The early 2010s including 2011 and 2012 can be connected. The future can be considered. Sociology Peoples have also been important. African peoples can be considered. Particular nations such as India, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Russia can be connected. Western civilization including the United States has taken a prominent role in the development of physical geography. Asiatic peoples including those of China, have been less prominent. American Indian peoples such as those found in the United States have made less of a contribution. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can be considered. Social structure and change including social structure, social types, and social change can be applied to studies of physical geography. Discussion of institutions such as families, education, economics, and govenment will be discussed as the site develops. Religion including particular religions, religious organization, religious practice, and religious belief can be connected. Connections of culture including material culture, conceptual culture such as literature including literary works. and behavioral culture can be examined. Connections of Anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups may be significant. Personal studies will be useful. The human body has various capabilities and limitations, related to body systems, physiology, diseases, life cycle, and form. Psychology and biography will also be useful. Particular individuals who have made contributions to physical geography include: Columbus Biology has some effect on physical geography, but usually only indirectly and over long periods of time. Molecular biology, cytology, organism biology, systematics, ecology, and biohistory may at various times be useful. Physical geography is connected to geohistory including Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic events. It also depends on atmospheric science including climatology, meteorology, and atmospheric structure and on hydrospheric science, including freshwater, groundwater, glaciers, and oceanography. As mentioned in the introduction, it depends quite heavily on geology, including minerals, rocks, landforms, geologic processes, and interior geology. It depends somewhat indirectly on parts of astronomy, not so much on cosmology, galactic astronomy or stellar astronomy, but it does depend some on solar system astronomy. It also depends somewhat indirectly on chemistry including substances, changes, and systems.Physical geography depends mostly indirectly on physics including mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, relativity, quantum mechanics, and the structure of matter.

History

Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory can be connected. Antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC can be connected. There were some developments in classical and medieval times including early classical times, late classical times, early medieval times, and late medieval times.

Most developments have been modern. The 16th century and 17th century can be connected. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. In the 19th century, including the late-mid 19th and late 19th century, advanced this considerably. The 20th century has provided the most detail. New developments were made in the early 20th century. The early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, and late mid 20th century can be connected. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s and late 2000s can be connected. The early 2010s including 2011 and 2012 can be connected. The future can be considered.

Sociology

Peoples have also been important. African peoples can be considered. Particular nations such as India, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Russia can be connected. Western civilization including the United States has taken a prominent role in the development of physical geography. Asiatic peoples including those of China, have been less prominent. American Indian peoples such as those found in the United States have made less of a contribution. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can be considered. Social structure and change including social structure, social types, and social change can be applied to studies of physical geography.

Discussion of institutions such as families, education, economics, and govenment will be discussed as the site develops. Religion including particular religions, religious organization, religious practice, and religious belief can be connected.

Connections of culture including material culture, conceptual culture such as literature including literary works. and behavioral culture can be examined.

Connections of Anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups may be significant.

Personal studies will be useful. The human body has various capabilities and limitations, related to body systems, physiology, diseases, life cycle, and form. Psychology and biography will also be useful. Particular individuals who have made contributions to physical geography include:

Columbus

Biology has some effect on physical geography, but usually only indirectly and over long periods of time. Molecular biology, cytology, organism biology, systematics, ecology, and biohistory may at various times be useful.

Physical geography is connected to geohistory including Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic events. It also depends on atmospheric science including climatology, meteorology, and atmospheric structure and on hydrospheric science, including freshwater, groundwater, glaciers, and oceanography. As mentioned in the introduction, it depends quite heavily on geology, including minerals, rocks, landforms, geologic processes, and interior geology.

It depends somewhat indirectly on parts of astronomy, not so much on cosmology, galactic astronomy or stellar astronomy, but it does depend some on solar system astronomy. It also depends somewhat indirectly on chemistry including substances, changes, and systems.Physical geography depends mostly indirectly on physics including mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, relativity, quantum mechanics, and the structure of matter.