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Geohistory includes divisions of Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Eras. |
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4.5 Billion years ago to 543 Million years ago. This includes about seven eighths of the earth's history. Its divisions are not yet well described here.
543 Million years ago to 248 Million years ago. This is named for the types of fossils that appear in the rocks.
248 Million years ago to 65 Million years ago. This is known for the type of fossils that appear in the rocks, and is commonly known as the age of the dinosaurs, although in this section, the focus is on the geology.
65 Million years ago to present. This is known for the type of fossils that appear in the rocks and is the most recent period. This was can be divided into Tertiary and Quaternary divisions The Tertiary is divided into Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene, the Quaternary is divided into Pleistocene and Holocene. A newer devision uses Paleogene, including the Paleocene through Oligocene, and Neogene Miocene through Holocene)
HistoryLittle was known of geohistory in prehistory, antiquity, or classical and medieval times. |
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Its study as a science has developed in the modern period. Developments in the 16th century and 17th century were somewhat speculative. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. In the 19th century including the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late mid 19th century, and late 19th century, modern development began. There has been development throughout the 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, and late mid 20th century. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s and late 2000s can be connected. The early 2010s including 2011 and 2012 can be connected. Considerable development in the future is possible. SociologyPeoples of the world including African peoples will be important. Nations such as Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangaldesh, and Russia can be distributed among peoples. Western Civilization including the United States will be useful. Asiatic peoples including peoples of India can be connected. Oriental peoples including those of China can be considered. American Indian peoples including those found in the United States have been less signifcant. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City will be useful in studies of geohistory. Social structure and change including social structure and social types will be useful in studies of geohistory. Social change including factors of social change, proceses of change, and particular changes may be useful in these studies. Institutions can be connected. Religion including religious beliefs, religious practice, religious organization, and religions of the world can be connected. Government, economics, education, and families will be useful in studies of geohistory. Culture including material culture, conceptual culture, and behavioral culture will be useful. The connections of Anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups will be useful. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography seem to be loosely connected to geohistory. There are strong connections to biology, including molecular biology, cell biology, organism biology, organism types, ecology, and biohistory. Physical geography will be significant. Mapping will be useful, Terrestrial geography will be particularly significant, and Oceanic geography will also be significant. Atmospheric science including atmospheric structure, meteorology, and climatology will be useful. The connections to hydrospheric science including oceanography, glaciology, ground water, and fresh water can be considered. Geology including interior geology, geological processes, landforms, petrology, and mineralogy will be especially important. There are also connections to astronomy. Cosmology and galactic astronomy are not used and stellar astronomy is only indirectly important, but planetary astronomy is vital. Solar system history is highly connected with geohistory. Geohistory depends on studies of the sun, and makes use of solar planetary systems. Mercury, Venus, and Mars are all less significant than the earth (including the earth itself and the moon), which is also more significant than Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. Minor bodies are less significant, but interaction with interplanetary medium is significant. Geohistory uses chemistry extensively. Substances are significant. Only a few elements are present. Numerous compounds can be used to trace geohistory. Numerous mixtures are also useful. Changes including a few nuclear reactions and some chemical reactions are important. physical changes are significant. There is concentration, mixing, some evaporation and condensation of these. Chemical systems include solid state, liquid, ang gaseous, are primarily inorganic, with an emphasis on gaseous chemistry and involve fairly little organic chemistry. Geohistory uses mostly classicalphysics. Mechanics is for the most part indirectly useful. Thermodynamics, including nonclassical thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and mostly classical thermodynamics will be useful. Electromagnetism including optics, magnetism, electric current, and electostatics is important in geohistory. Relativity is not particularly useful, and quantum mechanics is only indirectly significant.Structure of matter uses less subatomic, atomic, and molecular physics than bulk matter. Exotic forms of matter are not yet considered here. . |
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