Biohistory

Biohistory includes major divisions of Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras.

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History

Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory might be connected. Although the history of the earth has been the subject speculation since antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC and throughout classical and medieval times including early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medieval times.

Links to other sites: not yet included.

The subject has only really developed in modern times. The 16th century and 17th century are obscure. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. Present understanding of it began to form in the 19th century. The early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected.

Understanding has been expanded throughout the 20th century. Developments in the early 20th century, early-mid 20th century, mid 20th century, and late-mid 20th century can be examined. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be examined. The early 21st century including the early 2000s and late 2000s can be connected. The early 2010s including 2011 can be connected.

It is sufficiently complex that a great deal remains to be learned about it in the future.

Sociology

Peoples of the world in biohistory will be useful. Advances from Asiatic peoples can be considered. Particular nations including Pakistan, Bangladesh, Russia, Nigeria, Japan, Mexico, and the Philippines can be examined. Western Civilization including peoples of Brazil will be closely connected. Anglic peoples including the United States can be connected. Asiatic peoples including those of Indonesia can be considered. South Asian peoples including those of India can be connected. Oriental peoples including those of China can be connected. American Indian peoples including peoples found in the United States and Brazil are less directly connected. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, New York City can be connected. Social structure and change including social structure, social types, and social change will be useful.

Institutions have some connection to biohistory. Government, economics, education, and families will be useful. Religion including religious beliefs, practice, organization, and particular traditions has some influence on the study of biohistory.

Culture including material culture, conceptual culture, behavioral culture will also be useful. Anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups can be connected. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography are somewhat loosely connected to biohistory.

Biohistory makes little direct use of physics, or chemistry. It is better connected to astronomy, and not so much remote fields of cosmology, galactic astronomy, or stellar astronomy, but mostly to Solar system astronomy.

It depends more directly on earth science. Geology, or the study of minerals, rocks, landforms, geologic processes, and interior geology affect this a great deal. This includes, Hydrospheric science including oceanography, glaciology, ground water, and fresh water also affects this. Atmospheric science including atmospheric structure, meteorology, and climatology will all be significant. physical geography including mapping, terrestrial geography, and oceanic geography and geohistory, including the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras are also connected.

Studies of molecular biology including inorganics, small organics, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are useful in biohistory. Biohistory also depends on biological sciences of cell biology including the structure, behavior, and types of cells, and on organism biology. It depends on systematics, or the study of individual microbes, protists, plants, fungi, and animals. The tetrapods are important for recent periods. It depends most heavily on ecology, including behavioral ecology, populations, communities, system ecology, evolution, ecosystems including aquatic and terrestrial biomes, and biogeography, including marine and terrestrial biogeography.