Islam


This includes information on Islam and its major variants.	Sapience Home Site map About Sapience Institutions Religion Religious Traditions Abrahamic Religion

This includes information on Islam and its major variants.

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c 610-630 CE Mohammed preaches in Arabia, founding Islam, and begins spreading his faith by military conquest.
634 - 644 CEUmar I, second caliph, leads Muslims to conquer Syria and Mesopotamia and begins conquest of Egypt and Syria. His rules for administration of conquered territories serve as the basis for administrative and legal structure of the Islamic empire.
1095 CE. Pope Urban II calls the First Crusade, initiating European attempts to control Palestine, then under Muslim rule.
1469 - 1504 CE Isabella I of Castille marries Ferdinand of Aragon and helps unite the two kingdoms to form Spain, complete the reconquest of Spain from Muslim rule, and order the expulsion of Jews and Muslims, and sponsors the voyages of Columbus.


Specific connections to science will be explored as this site develops. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography can be connected. There are connections to anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups. This is connected to culture including material culture, conceptual culture, and behavioral culture. This is connected to families, education, economics, government, and other areas of religion.	Links to other sites: Not yet developed.
Sociology including social structure and change and communities will also be explored. Its influence among various peoples of the world can be examined. Asiatic peoples and African peoples can be examined. Particular nations beginning with China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Russia will be of interest. Western Civilization including the United States is only somewhat useful. American Indian peoples such as are found in the United States have little direct connection. The history of Islam began in classical and medieval times. It originated and spread by conquest in early medieval times. its late medieval history is more complex. In modern times, it has less been militant than in early periods. Along with the lack of information about Islamic peoples in general, I do not yet have details for the 16th century, 17th century, 18th century, or 19th century. In the 20th century, details are a bit sketchy. In the early 1900s, there was some separation of Islam from the state, which increased in the early mid 20th century. I have no details of the mid 20th century, but in the late mid 20th century, there was evidence of opposition to the secularism of tjhat period. In the late 20th century, Islamic militantism began to be an important concern. In the early 21st century, Islam continued to increase in prominence. This is evident in events of the early 2000s and the late 2000s. It will without doubt be important in the future.

Specific connections to science will be explored as this site develops. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography can be connected. There are connections to anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups. This is connected to culture including material culture, conceptual culture, and behavioral culture. This is connected to families, education, economics, government, and other areas of religion.

Links to other sites: Not yet developed.

Sociology including social structure and change and communities will also be explored. Its influence among various peoples of the world can be examined. Asiatic peoples and African peoples can be examined. Particular nations beginning with China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Russia will be of interest. Western Civilization including the United States is only somewhat useful. American Indian peoples such as are found in the United States have little direct connection.

The history of Islam began in classical and medieval times. It originated and spread by conquest in early medieval times. its late medieval history is more complex. In modern times, it has less been militant than in early periods. Along with the lack of information about Islamic peoples in general, I do not yet have details for the 16th century, 17th century, 18th century, or 19th century. In the 20th century, details are a bit sketchy. In the early 1900s, there was some separation of Islam from the state, which increased in the early mid 20th century. I have no details of the mid 20th century, but in the late mid 20th century, there was evidence of opposition to the secularism of tjhat period. In the late 20th century, Islamic militantism began to be an important concern. In the early 21st century, Islam continued to increase in prominence. This is evident in events of the early 2000s and the late 2000s.

It will without doubt be important in the future.