Family


Families are the basic and most primitive social institution, from which all others are derived. Studies of family can be roughly divided into marriage, parent-child relations, kinship, and particular families.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience Institutions Marriage Parenting Kinship Particular Families

Families are the basic and most primitive social institution, from which all others are derived. Studies of family can be roughly divided into marriage, parent-child relations, kinship, and particular families.

Institutions

Marriage

In principle, families begin with marriage or a marriage-like relationship, even though this may be so minimal as to be nearly absent in some families.

Parenting

The social roles and responsibilities and relationship of parents and children are considered.

Kinship

This includes the organization and structure of households, customs of ancestry and descent, and systems of recognizing relations.

Particular families

Generally, information about royal and noble families is most easily obtainable, but interest in genealogy of "common" families has been increasing for some years.


Connections with science are somewhat useful. Physics, and chemistry are at too low a level to be very useful. astronomical events associated with cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and solar system astronomy can sometimes be connected. Terrestrial, and biological events are sometimes helpful in connection with families.
Connections with personal studies are extremely important. The human body including body systems, body functions, life cycle, disease, and form and appearance are fundamental to family studies. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavioral patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology are highly important to studies of the family. Biography is also important. Major figures for whom family is important include: Jesus Mohammed Newton Confucius Buddha Paul Tsai Lun Gutenberg Columbus Einstein Pasteur Galileo Euclid Moses Darwin Shih Huang-Ti Areas of anthropology, including social foundations will be important. Demography including birth, migration, death, population size and structure, and population change can be considered. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion will be sigificant. human ecology including the impact of the environment on people, the relationships of other life, and of people on the enviroment is also useful. Human geography including Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, and Oceania can be connected. Particular groups will be essential to studies of the family.
Culture Material culture such as foodstuffs, clothing, buildings, transportation and communication devices, tools, and other artifacts is useful for families. Conceptual culture such as language, graphics, literature, mathematics, and applied science is also useful. Areas of philosophy including metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics, epistemology, and philosophical schools and doctrines, will be useful. Behavioral culture including customs and occupations will be valuable. Recreation and entertainment including music, dance, theater, games, and sports will also be valuable. Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, disaster, gatherings, and holidays, will also be valuable. Other Institutions Relationships with education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools are useful. Economics including economic activities, industries and companies, and economic systems is also valuable. Government is useful. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. government structure including political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of state, and forms of government can be connected. Government activity including succession, administration, and state relations is also important. particular governments including local government, natioal government, and international government are also needed. Religion is also valuable in studies of family. This includes religious belief, practice, and organization. particular religions including Asiatic, secularist, and pagan religion. Abrahamic religion including Christianity, Islam and Judaism can be connected. Sociology Social structure and change is significant. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, and class structure will be significant. Social types including hunting and gathering, horticultural, agrarian, and industrial society affects these in different ways. Social change including social change factors has had a significant effect on families. Social change processes such as innovation, transmission, adaptation, and exctinction can be connected. Particular changes including the agricultural revolution, agrarian revolution, and industrial revolution have had a significant effect on them. Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City will be significant. Peoples of the world including particular nations provide examples and specifics. So far Ethiopia, Turkey, Iran, Thailand, and France can be linked. Western civilization including Germany, will be significant. Anglic peoples such as those found in the United States are most familiar. Latin peoples including Mexico will be important. Lusitanic peoples including those of Brazil can be considered. Northeast European peoples including those of Russia will be useful. Asiatic peoples are particularly important and include Egypt. South Asian peoples including India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh will be important. Oriental peoples including China and Japan will be significant. Southeast Asian peoples including Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam are important. African peoples will be significant and includ nations such as Nigeria American Indian peoples such as are found in Mexico will be significant. South American Indian such as those of Brazil and North American Indians such as those of the United States can be considered. History The history of families certainly dates to prehistory, including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory, but information during this period is limited. Families can be traced more reliably in antiquity. Details are so far lacking for the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennum BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millenium BC, and early first millennium BC. Details are also lacking for classical and medieval times so far. There were notable families in early classical times, late classical times, early medieval, and late medieval times. Families can also be examined in modern times including the 16th century. Some aspects of the 17th century can be examined. The early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be considered. In the 18th century there was somewhat more abundant record-keeping. The early 18th century, the early mid 18th century, the mid 18th century, the late-mid 18th century, and the late 18th century can be connected. In the 19th century, more abundant record-keeping allows families to be considered. The early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late-mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected. The 20th century can be examined through the early 20th, and early-mid 20th century. I do not yet have details for the mid 20th century including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, or late 1950s. I do not yet have details for the late-mid 20th including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s or late 1970s. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s is being examined. 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 can be connected. Immediate attention is being given to the late 2000s including 2006 down to the first quarter, second quarter, third quarter which includs July, August, and September, and fourth quarter, which includes October, November, and December. Events of 2007, down to the 1st quarter, 2nd quarter, 3rd quarter, including July, August, and September, and 4th quarter including October, November, and December can also be connected. 2008 including the first quarter with January, February and March, the second quarter with April, May, and June, and the third quarter with July, August, and September can also be connected. The future can be examined. The near future including next month, next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future are obscure.

Connections with science are somewhat useful. Physics, and chemistry are at too low a level to be very useful. astronomical events associated with cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and solar system astronomy can sometimes be connected. Terrestrial, and biological events are sometimes helpful in connection with families.

Connections with personal studies are extremely important. The human body including body systems, body functions, life cycle, disease, and form and appearance are fundamental to family studies. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavioral patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology are highly important to studies of the family. Biography is also important. Major figures for whom family is important include:

Areas of anthropology, including social foundations will be important. Demography including birth, migration, death, population size and structure, and population change can be considered. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion will be sigificant. human ecology including the impact of the environment on people, the relationships of other life, and of people on the enviroment is also useful. Human geography including Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, and Oceania can be connected. Particular groups will be essential to studies of the family.

Culture

Material culture such as foodstuffs, clothing, buildings, transportation and communication devices, tools, and other artifacts is useful for families. Conceptual culture such as language, graphics, literature, mathematics, and applied science is also useful. Areas of philosophy including metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics, epistemology, and philosophical schools and doctrines, will be useful. Behavioral culture including customs and occupations will be valuable. Recreation and entertainment including music, dance, theater, games, and sports will also be valuable. Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, disaster, gatherings, and holidays, will also be valuable.

Other Institutions

Relationships with education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools are useful. Economics including economic activities, industries and companies, and economic systems is also valuable. Government is useful. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. government structure including political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of state, and forms of government can be connected. Government activity including succession, administration, and state relations is also important. particular governments including local government, natioal government, and international government are also needed. Religion is also valuable in studies of family. This includes religious belief, practice, and organization. particular religions including Asiatic, secularist, and pagan religion. Abrahamic religion including Christianity, Islam and Judaism can be connected.

Sociology

Social structure and change is significant. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, and class structure will be significant. Social types including hunting and gathering, horticultural, agrarian, and industrial society affects these in different ways. Social change including social change factors has had a significant effect on families. Social change processes such as innovation, transmission, adaptation, and exctinction can be connected. Particular changes including the agricultural revolution, agrarian revolution, and industrial revolution have had a significant effect on them.

Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City will be significant.

Peoples of the world including particular nations provide examples and specifics. So far Ethiopia, Turkey, Iran, Thailand, and France can be linked.

Western civilization including Germany, will be significant. Anglic peoples such as those found in the United States are most familiar. Latin peoples including Mexico will be important. Lusitanic peoples including those of Brazil can be considered. Northeast European peoples including those of Russia will be useful.

Asiatic peoples are particularly important and include Egypt. South Asian peoples including India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh will be important. Oriental peoples including China and Japan will be significant. Southeast Asian peoples including Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam are important.

African peoples will be significant and includ nations such as Nigeria

American Indian peoples such as are found in Mexico will be significant. South American Indian such as those of Brazil and North American Indians such as those of the United States can be considered.

History

The history of families certainly dates to prehistory, including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory, but information during this period is limited. Families can be traced more reliably in antiquity. Details are so far lacking for the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennum BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millenium BC, and early first millennium BC.

Details are also lacking for classical and medieval times so far. There were notable families in early classical times, late classical times, early medieval, and late medieval times.

Families can also be examined in modern times including the 16th century.

Some aspects of the 17th century can be examined. The early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be considered.

In the 18th century there was somewhat more abundant record-keeping. The early 18th century, the early mid 18th century, the mid 18th century, the late-mid 18th century, and the late 18th century can be connected.

In the 19th century, more abundant record-keeping allows families to be considered. The early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late-mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected.

The 20th century can be examined through the early 20th, and early-mid 20th century. I do not yet have details for the mid 20th century including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, or late 1950s.

I do not yet have details for the late-mid 20th including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s or late 1970s.

The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected.

The early 21st century including the early 2000s is being examined. 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 can be connected.

Immediate attention is being given to the late 2000s including 2006 down to the first quarter, second quarter, third quarter which includs July, August, and September, and fourth quarter, which includes October, November, and December. Events of 2007, down to the 1st quarter, 2nd quarter, 3rd quarter, including July, August, and September, and 4th quarter including October, November, and December can also be connected. 2008 including the first quarter with January, February and March, the second quarter with April, May, and June, and the third quarter with July, August, and September can also be connected.

The future can be examined. The near future including next month, next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future are obscure.

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