Family


Families are the basic and most primitive social institution, from which all others are derived. Studies of family can be roughly divided into marriage, parent-child relations, kinship, and particular families.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience Institutions Particular Families Kinship Parenting Marriage

Families are the basic and most primitive social institution, from which all others are derived. Studies of family can be roughly divided into marriage, parent-child relations, kinship, and particular families.

Institutions

Particular families

Generally, information about royal and noble families is most easily obtainable, but interest in genealogy of "common" families has been increasing for some years.

Kinship

This includes the organization and structure of households, customs of ancestry and descent, and systems of recognizing relations.

Parenting

The social roles and responsibilities and relationship of parents and children are considered.

Marriage

In principle, families begin with marriage or a marriage-like relationship, even though this may be so minimal as to be nearly absent in some families.


History The history of families certainly dates to prehistory, including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory, but information during this period is limited. Families can be traced more reliably in antiquity. Details are so far lacking for the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennum BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millenium BC, and early first millennium BC.
Details are also lacking for classical and medieval times so far. There were notable families in early classical times, late classical times, early medieval, and late medieval times. Families can also be examined in modern times including the 16th century. Some aspects of the 17th century can be examined. The early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be considered. In the 18th century there was somewhat more abundant record-keeping. The early 18th century, the early mid 18th century, the mid 18th century, the late-mid 18th century, and the late 18th century can be connected. In the 19th century, more abundant record-keeping allows families to be considered. The early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late-mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected. The 20th century can be examined through the early 20th, and early-mid 20th century. I do not yet have details for the mid 20th century including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, or late 1950s. I do not yet have details for the late-mid 20th including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s or late 1970s. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s is being examined. 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 can be connected. Immediate attention is being given to the late 2000s including 2006 down to the first quarter, second quarter during April, May, and June, third quarter which includs July, August, and September, and fourth quarter, which includes October, November, and December. Events of 2007, down to the 1st quarter, 2nd quarter during April, May, and June, 3rd quarter, including July, August, and September, and 4th quarter including October, November, and December can also be connected. 2008 including the first quarter with January, February and March, the second quarter with April, May, and June, and the third quarter with July, August, and September can also be connected. The fourth quarter including October, November, and December can also be connected. The future can be examined. The near future including next month in November and December 2008, next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future are obscure. Sociology Peoples of the world including particular nations provide examples and specifics. So far Yemen, Taiwan, Romania, Mozambique Sri Lanka, Australia, Madagascar, Syria, Cameroon, Cote 'Ivoire, Netherlands, Chile Kazakhstan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Malawi, Ecuador, Niger, Guatemala, Senegal Angola, Zimbabwe, Mali, Zambia, Cuba, Greece, Portugal, Belgium Tunisia, Czech Republic, Guinea, Rwanda, Serbia, Chad, Hungary, Belarus Somalia, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, and Sweden still need to be linked. Western civilization including Venezuela will be significant. Anglic peoples such as those found in the UK, the United States, and Canada are most familiar. Latin peoples including Peru will be important. Italic peoples including those of Spain can be connected. Italic peoples including those of Italy can be connected. French people including those of France can be considered. Hispanic peoples including those of Colombia will be important. Hispanic Mexican American peoples including those of Mexico can be connected. Hispanic Argentine American peoples including those of Argentina can be considered. Lusitanic peoples including those of Brazil can be considered. Germanic peoples including those of Germany can be connected. Northeast European peoples including those of Russia, Ukraine, and Poland will be useful. Asiatic peoples are particularly important and include North Korea. Middle Eastern peoples including Saudi Arabia can be connected. Turkey is important. Egypt is important. Mesopotamian peoples such as those of Iraq can be connected. Persian peoples such as those of Iran and Afghanistan can be connected. North African peoples such as those of Morocco and Algeria can be connected. South Asian peoples including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal will be important. Central Asian peoples including those of Uzbekistan can be connected. Oriental peoples including China Japan, and South Korea will be significant. Southeast Asian peoples including those of Malaysia are important. Peoples of Mainland Southeast asia such as those of Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma can be connected. Southeast Asian Archipelagoes including peoples of Indonesia and the Philippines can be connected. African peoples will be significant and include nations such as Ghana. Peoples of East Africa including those of Uganda can be connected. Peoples of Northern East Africa including those of Ethiopia can be considered. Peoples of Interior Eastern Africa including Sudan can be connected. Central Eastern African peoples including those of Tanzania and Kenya can be connected. Peoples of West Africa including those of Nigeria can be connected. Peoples of Southern Africa including those of South Africa can be connected. Peoples of Central Africa including Congo (DR) can be connected. American Indian peoples such as are found in Venezuela will be significant. Middle American Indian peoples such as those of Mexico can be connected. Southwestern American Indian peoples found in the southwestern United States can also be connected. South American Indian peoplessuch as those of Peru can be connected. Andean peoples such as those of Colombia and Argentina can be considered. Amazonian peoples such as those of Brazil Argentina can possibly be connected. Cono/Southern American Indian peoples such as those of Argentina can be connected. North American Indians such as those of the United States can be considered. Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City will be significant. Social structure and change is significant. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, and class structure will be significant. Social types including hunting and gathering, horticultural, agrarian, and industrial society affects these in different ways. Social change including social change factors has had a significant effect on families. Social change processes such as innovation, transmission, adaptation, and exctinction can be connected. Particular changes including the agricultural revolution and agrarian revolution have had a significant effect on them. The industrial revolution including the early industrial revolution, middle industrial revolution, and computerization can be connected. Other Institutions Religion is also valuable in studies of family. Particular religions including Asiatic, secularist, and pagan religion. Abrahamic religion including Christianity, Islam and Judaism can be connected. This includes organization , practice, and religious belief. Government is useful. Particular governments including local government, natioal government, and international government are also needed. Government activity including succession, administration, and state relations is also important. Government structure including political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of state, and forms of government can be connected. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. Economics including economic activities, industries and companies, and economic systems is also valuable. Relationships with education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools are useful.
Culture Behavioral culture will be valuable. Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, disaster, gatherings, and holidays, will also be valuable.Recreation and entertainment including music, dance, theater, games, and sports will also be valuable. Occupations and customs will be important. Conceptual culture such as language, graphics, literature, mathematics, and applied science is also useful. Areas of philosophy including metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics, epistemology, and philosophical schools and doctrines, will be useful. Material culture such as foodstuffs, clothing, buildings, transportation and communication devices, tools, and other artifacts is useful for families. Areas of anthropology will be important. Particular groups will be essential to studies of the family. Human geography including Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, and Oceania can be connected. Human ecology including the impact of the environment on people, the relationships of other life, and of people on the enviroment is also useful. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion will be sigificant. Demography including birth, migration, death, population size and structure, and population change can be considered. Social foundations are highly important. Connections with personal studies are extremely important. The human body including body systems, body functions, life cycle, disease, and form and appearance are fundamental to family studies. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavioral patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology are highly important to studies of the family. Biography is also important. Major figures for whom family is important include: Jesus Mohammed Newton Confucius Buddha Paul Alexander Tsai Lun Lavoisier Augustus Gutenberg Columbus Einstein Pasteur Galileo Euclid Moses Darwin Shih Huang-Ti Connections with science are somewhat useful. Physics, and chemistry are at too low a level to be very useful. astronomical events associated with cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and solar system astronomy can sometimes be connected. Terrestrial, and biological events are sometimes helpful in connection with families.

History

The history of families certainly dates to prehistory, including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory, but information during this period is limited. Families can be traced more reliably in antiquity. Details are so far lacking for the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennum BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millenium BC, and early first millennium BC.

Details are also lacking for classical and medieval times so far. There were notable families in early classical times, late classical times, early medieval, and late medieval times.

Families can also be examined in modern times including the 16th century.

Some aspects of the 17th century can be examined. The early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be considered.

In the 18th century there was somewhat more abundant record-keeping. The early 18th century, the early mid 18th century, the mid 18th century, the late-mid 18th century, and the late 18th century can be connected.

In the 19th century, more abundant record-keeping allows families to be considered. The early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late-mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected.

The 20th century can be examined through the early 20th, and early-mid 20th century. I do not yet have details for the mid 20th century including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, or late 1950s.

I do not yet have details for the late-mid 20th including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s or late 1970s.

The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected.

The early 21st century including the early 2000s is being examined. 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 can be connected.

Immediate attention is being given to the late 2000s including 2006 down to the first quarter, second quarter during April, May, and June, third quarter which includs July, August, and September, and fourth quarter, which includes October, November, and December.

Events of 2007, down to the 1st quarter, 2nd quarter during April, May, and June, 3rd quarter, including July, August, and September, and 4th quarter including October, November, and December can also be connected.

2008 including the first quarter with January, February and March, the second quarter with April, May, and June, and the third quarter with July, August, and September can also be connected. The fourth quarter including October, November, and December can also be connected.

The future can be examined. The near future including next month in November and December 2008, next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future are obscure.

Sociology

Peoples of the world including particular nations provide examples and specifics. So far Yemen, Taiwan, Romania, Mozambique Sri Lanka, Australia, Madagascar, Syria, Cameroon, Cote 'Ivoire, Netherlands, Chile Kazakhstan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Malawi, Ecuador, Niger, Guatemala, Senegal Angola, Zimbabwe, Mali, Zambia, Cuba, Greece, Portugal, Belgium Tunisia, Czech Republic, Guinea, Rwanda, Serbia, Chad, Hungary, Belarus Somalia, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, and Sweden still need to be linked.

Western civilization including Venezuela will be significant. Anglic peoples such as those found in the UK, the United States, and Canada are most familiar. Latin peoples including Peru will be important. Italic peoples including those of Spain can be connected. Italic peoples including those of Italy can be connected. French people including those of France can be considered. Hispanic peoples including those of Colombia will be important. Hispanic Mexican American peoples including those of Mexico can be connected. Hispanic Argentine American peoples including those of Argentina can be considered. Lusitanic peoples including those of Brazil can be considered. Germanic peoples including those of Germany can be connected. Northeast European peoples including those of Russia, Ukraine, and Poland will be useful.

Asiatic peoples are particularly important and include North Korea. Middle Eastern peoples including Saudi Arabia can be connected. Turkey is important. Egypt is important. Mesopotamian peoples such as those of Iraq can be connected. Persian peoples such as those of Iran and Afghanistan can be connected. North African peoples such as those of Morocco and Algeria can be connected. South Asian peoples including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal will be important. Central Asian peoples including those of Uzbekistan can be connected. Oriental peoples including China Japan, and South Korea will be significant. Southeast Asian peoples including those of Malaysia are important. Peoples of Mainland Southeast asia such as those of Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma can be connected. Southeast Asian Archipelagoes including peoples of Indonesia and the Philippines can be connected.

African peoples will be significant and include nations such as Ghana. Peoples of East Africa including those of Uganda can be connected. Peoples of Northern East Africa including those of Ethiopia can be considered. Peoples of Interior Eastern Africa including Sudan can be connected. Central Eastern African peoples including those of Tanzania and Kenya can be connected. Peoples of West Africa including those of Nigeria can be connected. Peoples of Southern Africa including those of South Africa can be connected. Peoples of Central Africa including Congo (DR) can be connected.

American Indian peoples such as are found in Venezuela will be significant. Middle American Indian peoples such as those of Mexico can be connected. Southwestern American Indian peoples found in the southwestern United States can also be connected. South American Indian peoplessuch as those of Peru can be connected. Andean peoples such as those of Colombia and Argentina can be considered. Amazonian peoples such as those of Brazil Argentina can possibly be connected. Cono/Southern American Indian peoples such as those of Argentina can be connected. North American Indians such as those of the United States can be considered.

Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City will be significant.

Social structure and change is significant. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, and class structure will be significant. Social types including hunting and gathering, horticultural, agrarian, and industrial society affects these in different ways. Social change including social change factors has had a significant effect on families. Social change processes such as innovation, transmission, adaptation, and exctinction can be connected. Particular changes including the agricultural revolution and agrarian revolution have had a significant effect on them. The industrial revolution including the early industrial revolution, middle industrial revolution, and computerization can be connected.

Other Institutions

Religion is also valuable in studies of family. Particular religions including Asiatic, secularist, and pagan religion. Abrahamic religion including Christianity, Islam and Judaism can be connected. This includes organization , practice, and religious belief. Government is useful. Particular governments including local government, natioal government, and international government are also needed. Government activity including succession, administration, and state relations is also important. Government structure including political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of state, and forms of government can be connected. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. Economics including economic activities, industries and companies, and economic systems is also valuable. Relationships with education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools are useful.

Culture

Behavioral culture will be valuable. Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, disaster, gatherings, and holidays, will also be valuable.Recreation and entertainment including music, dance, theater, games, and sports will also be valuable. Occupations and customs will be important. Conceptual culture such as language, graphics, literature, mathematics, and applied science is also useful. Areas of philosophy including metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics, epistemology, and philosophical schools and doctrines, will be useful. Material culture such as foodstuffs, clothing, buildings, transportation and communication devices, tools, and other artifacts is useful for families.

Areas of anthropology will be important. Particular groups will be essential to studies of the family. Human geography including Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, and Oceania can be connected. Human ecology including the impact of the environment on people, the relationships of other life, and of people on the enviroment is also useful. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion will be sigificant. Demography including birth, migration, death, population size and structure, and population change can be considered. Social foundations are highly important.

Connections with personal studies are extremely important. The human body including body systems, body functions, life cycle, disease, and form and appearance are fundamental to family studies. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavioral patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology are highly important to studies of the family. Biography is also important. Major figures for whom family is important include:

Connections with science are somewhat useful. Physics, and chemistry are at too low a level to be very useful. astronomical events associated with cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and solar system astronomy can sometimes be connected. Terrestrial, and biological events are sometimes helpful in connection with families.

Top