Late 1980s


The late 1980s are till too recent for significant historical perspective. Events here are given year by year, and only a few are included.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience History Modern History 20th Century Late 20th Century 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990

The late 1980s are till too recent for significant historical perspective. Events here are given year by year, and only a few are included.

1986
1987
1988
1989
1990

1986

1986 Mitterand loses Parliamentary majority in French National Assembly and Chirac becomes Prime minister for two years.

1987

1987 Gorbachev calls for "opennness" (glasnost) and economic restructuring (perestroika) of USSR, and begins a liberalization process.

1988

1988 George H.W. Bush elected as 41st US President.

1988 Mitterand reelected as President of France.

1989

1989 "Velvet revolution", comparatively nonviolent collapse of Communist governments in Eastern Europe, symbolized by removal of Berlin wall.

1990

1990 Major succeeds Thatcher as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.


Other History Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory can be connected. Antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC can be connected. Classical and medieval history including early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medieval times can be connected.	Links to other sites: Not yet avaiilable
Other Modern history The 16th century, 17th century, 18th century, and 19th century are indirectly useful here. Other 20th century Events of the 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, and late mid 20th century are also useful. Other late 20th century Events are continued from the early 1980s. Events are also continued into the early 1990s and the late 1990s. This period is being studied in the early 21st century, including the early 2000s, the late 2000s, and early 2010s The future including the near future, middle future, and far future can be considered. Sociology Peoples of the world, communities, and social structure and change can be applied to examination of particular years of 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, and 1990. Peoples of the world Nations and major groups including Western Civilization, Asiatic peoples, African peoples, and American Indian peoples can be applied to the examination of the late 1980s Nations Canada, Afghanistan, Uganda, and Nepal can be examined and distributed. Western Civilization is significant. Poland can be connected. Cities include Mexico City. Anglic peoples can be considered. In the UK, the policies of Margaret Thatcher became increasingly unpopular, and in 1990 she was removed and succeded by John Major. In the United States, George HW Bush succeded Ronald Reagan as President. Among Latin peoples, Argentina and Spain can be connected. Among Italic peoples, Italy can be connected. Among French peoples, France can be connected. Among Hispanic peoples, Colombia can be connected. Among Hispanic Mexican American peoples, Mexico continued to struggle with economic problems. Among Lusitanic peoples, in Brazil Neves' elected vice president Jose Sarney headed a civilian government. Fernando Collor de Mello became the first popularly elected president in decades. Among Germanic peoples, In Germany a liberalization movement in the USSR led to a similar liberalization in East Germany, the Berlin wall was torn down, and the country reunited under the authority of the West German government. Among Northeast European peoples, Ukraine can be connected. In Russia a liberalization and reform movement was initiated by Gorbachev. Asiatic peoples are important. Burma Morocco, and Algeria can be connected. Cities including Seoul are also significant. Middle Eastern peoples including Iran can be connected. Turkey can be connected. Egypt can be connected. Among South Asian peoples, in India Rajiv Gandhi began to liberalize the economy, supported the government of Sri Lanka against a revolt, and improved relations with the United States. In Pakistan, the military government of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq was replaced by a civilian government led by Benazir Bhutto when Zia died in a plane crash. Bhutto was later removed from office, and Nawaz Sharif elected in her place. In Bangladesh, Ershad contined to rule, though there was subtantial and increasing political unrest. Central Asian peoples including parts of China and parts of Russia can be considered. Asiatic peoples include Oriental peoples. South Korea can be connected. Cities include Tokyo. In China a pro-democracy demonstration in Beijing was supressed. In Japan Prime Minister Yasuhiro was influential, and named a successor Takeshita Noboru. The same day, the Japanese stock market crashed. Emperor Hirohito died and was succeded by his son Akihito. Among Southeast Asian peoples, Thailand can be considered. Among Mainland Southeast Asian peoples, Vietnam can be considered. Among the Southeast Asian archipelagoes, in Indonesia, Suharto continued to lead. I do not yet have detail for the Philippines. African peoples are significant. Tanzania and Kenya can be considered. Among East African peoples, Sudan can be connected. Northern East African peoples including those of Ethiopia can be connected. Among West African peoples, In Nigeria Ibrahim Babangida continued to head the military government. Southern African peoples including those of South Africa can be connected. Central African peoples including those of Congo DR can be considered. American Indian peoples including those found in Argentina are less directly useful. Cities include Mexico City. Middle American Indians including those found in Mexico can be considered. Southwestern American Indian peoples including those of the southwestern United States can be considered. South American Indian peoples including those of Colombia can be connected. Amazonian peoples including those of Brazil can be considered. North American Indian peoples including those of the United States ( In which George HW Bush succeded Ronald Reagan as President) can be considered. Eastern North American Indian peoples and Western North American Indian peoples can be considered. Communities such as Delhi, New York City, Bombay, Sao Paulo, and Shanghai are also significant. Social structure and change Social change including social change factors, processes, and particular changes can be examined. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, agrarian socities, and industrial societies will be important. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure is significant. Institutions Religion, government, economics, education, and families can be applied to examination of the late 1980s. Religion including religious belief, practice, and organization will also be useful. Particular religious traditions including Abrahamic religion, Asiatic religion, pagan religion, and secularism can be considered. Government including law and government structure will be vital. Government activity including administration, succession, and state relations can be connected. Particular governments including local government, national government, and international government can be connected. Economics including economic activity, industries, and economic systems are important. Education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools will be important.Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families wlll be useful. Culture Behavioral culture, conceptual culture, and material culture can be used to examine the late 1980s. Behavioral culture including customs, occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events can be connected. Conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathematics, applied science, and philosophy can be considered. Material culture including industrial technology, building technology, foodstuffs, clothing, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts is also significant. Anthropology Particular groups can be connected. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology including influence of the environment on people, relations wit other life, and influence of people on the environment can be connected. Physical anthropology including human dispersion, racial variation, and human origins can be connected. Demography including population change, population size and structure, death, migration, and birth can be connected. Social foundations including social group behavior, social group types, social control, social interaction, and social presentation can be connected. Personal studies Biography can be connected. Psychology including social psychology, personality, mental disorders, behavior patterns, mind, and behavioral elements can be connected. The human body including form and appearance, life cycle, disease, body function, and body systems can be connected. Science Biology including biohistory, ecology, systematics, organism biology, cell biology, and molecular biology can be connected. Earth science including geohistory, physical geography, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, and geology can be connected. Astronomy including cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and local astronomy can be connected. Chemistry including chemical aystems, chemical change, and chemical substances can be connected. Physics including the structure of matter, quantum physics, relativity, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and mechanics can be connected.

Other History

Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory can be connected. Antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC can be connected. Classical and medieval history including early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medieval times can be connected.

Links to other sites: Not yet avaiilable

Other Modern history

The 16th century, 17th century, 18th century, and 19th century are indirectly useful here.

Other 20th century

Events of the 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, and late mid 20th century are also useful.

Other late 20th century

Events are continued from the early 1980s.

Events are also continued into the early 1990s and the late 1990s.

This period is being studied in the early 21st century, including the early 2000s, the late 2000s, and early 2010s

The future including the near future, middle future, and far future can be considered.

Sociology

Peoples of the world, communities, and social structure and change can be applied to examination of particular years of 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, and 1990.

Peoples of the world

Nations and major groups including Western Civilization, Asiatic peoples, African peoples, and American Indian peoples can be applied to the examination of the late 1980s

Nations

Canada, Afghanistan, Uganda, and Nepal can be examined and distributed.

Western Civilization is significant. Poland can be connected. Cities include Mexico City. Anglic peoples can be considered. In the UK, the policies of Margaret Thatcher became increasingly unpopular, and in 1990 she was removed and succeded by John Major. In the United States, George HW Bush succeded Ronald Reagan as President. Among Latin peoples, Argentina and Spain can be connected. Among Italic peoples, Italy can be connected. Among French peoples, France can be connected. Among Hispanic peoples, Colombia can be connected. Among Hispanic Mexican American peoples, Mexico continued to struggle with economic problems. Among Lusitanic peoples, in Brazil Neves' elected vice president Jose Sarney headed a civilian government. Fernando Collor de Mello became the first popularly elected president in decades. Among Germanic peoples, In Germany a liberalization movement in the USSR led to a similar liberalization in East Germany, the Berlin wall was torn down, and the country reunited under the authority of the West German government. Among Northeast European peoples, Ukraine can be connected. In Russia a liberalization and reform movement was initiated by Gorbachev.

Asiatic peoples are important. Burma Morocco, and Algeria can be connected. Cities including Seoul are also significant. Middle Eastern peoples including Iran can be connected. Turkey can be connected. Egypt can be connected. Among South Asian peoples, in India Rajiv Gandhi began to liberalize the economy, supported the government of Sri Lanka against a revolt, and improved relations with the United States. In Pakistan, the military government of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq was replaced by a civilian government led by Benazir Bhutto when Zia died in a plane crash. Bhutto was later removed from office, and Nawaz Sharif elected in her place. In Bangladesh, Ershad contined to rule, though there was subtantial and increasing political unrest. Central Asian peoples including parts of China and parts of Russia can be considered. Asiatic peoples include Oriental peoples. South Korea can be connected. Cities include Tokyo. In China a pro-democracy demonstration in Beijing was supressed. In Japan Prime Minister Yasuhiro was influential, and named a successor Takeshita Noboru. The same day, the Japanese stock market crashed. Emperor Hirohito died and was succeded by his son Akihito. Among Southeast Asian peoples, Thailand can be considered. Among Mainland Southeast Asian peoples, Vietnam can be considered. Among the Southeast Asian archipelagoes, in Indonesia, Suharto continued to lead. I do not yet have detail for the Philippines.

African peoples are significant. Tanzania and Kenya can be considered. Among East African peoples, Sudan can be connected. Northern East African peoples including those of Ethiopia can be connected. Among West African peoples, In Nigeria Ibrahim Babangida continued to head the military government. Southern African peoples including those of South Africa can be connected. Central African peoples including those of Congo DR can be considered.

American Indian peoples including those found in Argentina are less directly useful. Cities include Mexico City.

Middle American Indians including those found in Mexico can be considered. Southwestern American Indian peoples including those of the southwestern United States can be considered.

South American Indian peoples including those of Colombia can be connected. Amazonian peoples including those of Brazil can be considered.

North American Indian peoples including those of the United States ( In which George HW Bush succeded Ronald Reagan as President) can be considered. Eastern North American Indian peoples and Western North American Indian peoples can be considered.

Communities

such as Delhi, New York City, Bombay, Sao Paulo, and Shanghai are also significant.

Social structure and change

Social change including social change factors, processes, and particular changes can be examined. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, agrarian socities, and industrial societies will be important. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure is significant.

Institutions

Religion, government, economics, education, and families can be applied to examination of the late 1980s.

Religion including religious belief, practice, and organization will also be useful. Particular religious traditions including Abrahamic religion, Asiatic religion, pagan religion, and secularism can be considered. Government including law and government structure will be vital. Government activity including administration, succession, and state relations can be connected. Particular governments including local government, national government, and international government can be connected. Economics including economic activity, industries, and economic systems are important. Education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools will be important.Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families wlll be useful.

Culture

Behavioral culture, conceptual culture, and material culture can be used to examine the late 1980s.

Behavioral culture including customs, occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events can be connected. Conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathematics, applied science, and philosophy can be considered. Material culture including industrial technology, building technology, foodstuffs, clothing, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts is also significant.

Anthropology

Particular groups can be connected. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology including influence of the environment on people, relations wit other life, and influence of people on the environment can be connected. Physical anthropology including human dispersion, racial variation, and human origins can be connected. Demography including population change, population size and structure, death, migration, and birth can be connected. Social foundations including social group behavior, social group types, social control, social interaction, and social presentation can be connected.

Personal studies

Biography can be connected. Psychology including social psychology, personality, mental disorders, behavior patterns, mind, and behavioral elements can be connected. The human body including form and appearance, life cycle, disease, body function, and body systems can be connected.

Science

Biology including biohistory, ecology, systematics, organism biology, cell biology, and molecular biology can be connected. Earth science including geohistory, physical geography, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, and geology can be connected. Astronomy including cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and local astronomy can be connected. Chemistry including chemical aystems, chemical change, and chemical substances can be connected. Physics including the structure of matter, quantum physics, relativity, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and mechanics can be connected.