2008 - 3rd quarter


This includes events of the third quarter of 2008.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience History Modern History 20th Century Early 21st Century Late 2000s 2008 July August September

This includes events of the third quarter of 2008.

July

There was a G8 summit meeting and a US-India treaty regarding nuclear weapons was signed. This provoked a no-confidence vote for the government of India, but its ruling coalition remained in power.

The US Presidential campaign continued. Barak Obama was formally nominated as the Democratic candidate for US President. The South Ossetia war broke out beteen Russia and Georgia. The Summer Olympic games were conducted in China. Pervez Musharraf resigned as President of Pakistan.

September

The failure of several large banks and corporations in the United States signaled a global financial crisis. John McCain was nominated as the Republican candidate for US President. The South Ossetia war between Russia and Georgia subsided, and the financial crisis spread to Russia. In Pakistan, Asif Ali Zardari was elected as the President of Pakistan by the Electoral College. Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani survived an assassination attempt. In China, a third manned spaceflight was conducted, and a scandal related to melamine-contaminated baby mil products erupted. Japanese prime minister Yasuo Fukuda resigned and was succeeded by Taro Aso. In Nigeria, opposition groups attacked oil production facilities.


Science Physics and chemistry can be connected. Astronomy including solar system astronomy, stellar astronomy, galactic astronomy, and cosmology can be connected. Earth science including geology, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, physical geography, and geoghistory can be connected. Biology including molecular biology, cell biology, organism biology, systematics, ecology, and biohistory can be connected.	Links to other sites
Personal studies The human body including body systems, body function, human life cycle, disease, and form and appearance can be connected. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavior patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology can be connected. Biography can be connected. Anthropology Social foundations including social presentation, social interaction, social control, social group types, and group behavior can be connected. Demography including births, deaths, migration, population size and structure, and population change can be considered. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion can be connected. Human ecology including the effects of the environment on people, relations with other life, and the effects of the environment on people can be considered. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be considered. Particular groups may be useful. Culture Material culture including industrial technology, building technology, foodstuffs, clothing, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts will be useful. Conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathematics, applied science, and philosophy can be connected. Behavioral culture including customs occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events can be considered. Institutions Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families can be connected. Education including research and teaching can be connected. Cultural institutions including museums, libraries, and performance venues can be connected. Educational organization including course material, students, faculty, and administration can be connected. Schools including elementary education, secondary education, and higher education can be connected. Economics are significant. Economic activities including production, distribution and exchange, and consumption ca be considered. Industries including companies, agriculture, extraction and manufacturing industries, social and medical services, transportation, communications, and commercial and financial service industries can be connected. Economic systems including firms, networks, system types, and economic system behavior can be connected. Government can be connected. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. Government structure including political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of state, and forms of government can be connected. Government activity including succession, administration, and state relations can be connected. particular governments including local government, national government, and international government can be connected. Religion including religious beliefs, religious practice, and religious organization can be connected. Particular religious traditions including Abrahamic religion, Asiatic religion, pagan religion, and secularism can be considered. Sociology Social structure and change Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure can be connected. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, agrarian societies, and industrial societies can be connected. Social change including social change factors, social change processes, and particular changes can be connected. Communities such as Shanghai, Osaka, Calcutta, Karachi, Canton, Jakarta, and Cairo can be connected. Peoples including nations such as Congo (DR), United Kingdom, Italy, and South Korea can be considered. Western civilization including nations such as France and cities such as Los Angeles will be important. Anglic peoples such as those of the United States can be considered. Cities including New York City can be connected. Latin peoples including those of Mexico can be connected. Cities including Mexico City and Sao Paulo can be connected. Lusitanic peoples including those of Brazil can be connected. Northeast European peoples such as those of Russia can be connected. Germanic peoples including those of Germany can be connected. Asiatic peoples are important. Thailand can be connected. Cities such as Manila can be considered. Middle Eastern peoples such as those of Egypt can be connected. Turkey can be connected. Iran can be considered. South Asian peoples such as those of India with its city of Delhi can be considered. Pakistan can be considered. Bangladesh can be considered. Cities such as Bombay can be connected. Oriental peoples such as those of China (in which the 2008 Summer Olympic games were held) can be considered. Japan can be considered. Cities such as Tokyo and Seoul can be connected. Southeast Asian peoples such as those of Indonesia, and the Philippines can be connected. Vietnam can be connected. African peoples including those of Ethiopia are being connected. West African peoples such as those of Nigeria can be considered. American Indian peoples which are found in nations such as Mexico are less directly useful. South American Indian peoples found in nations such as Brazil have not been noted much. North American Indian peoples such as those found in the United States have had little noticeable influence. Other History This is weakly connected to other periods of history through classical and medieval times. It is connected to modern history through the 19th century. Connections to the 20th century through late 20th century are possible. It is connected weakly to the early 2000s. Within the late 2000s, it is connected to 2006 and 2007. It is part of 2008 and connected to the second quarter 2008. It is followed by the fourth quarter 2008. It is somewhat connected to the future, The near future including next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future have not yet been well examined.

Science

Physics and chemistry can be connected. Astronomy including solar system astronomy, stellar astronomy, galactic astronomy, and cosmology can be connected. Earth science including geology, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, physical geography, and geoghistory can be connected. Biology including molecular biology, cell biology, organism biology, systematics, ecology, and biohistory can be connected.

Links to other sites

Personal studies

The human body including body systems, body function, human life cycle, disease, and form and appearance can be connected. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavior patterns, developmental psychology, mental disorders, personality, and social psychology can be connected. Biography can be connected.

Anthropology

Social foundations including social presentation, social interaction, social control, social group types, and group behavior can be connected. Demography including births, deaths, migration, population size and structure, and population change can be considered. Physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion can be connected. Human ecology including the effects of the environment on people, relations with other life, and the effects of the environment on people can be considered. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be considered. Particular groups may be useful.

Culture

Material culture including industrial technology, building technology, foodstuffs, clothing, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts will be useful. Conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathematics, applied science, and philosophy can be connected. Behavioral culture including customs occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events can be considered.

Institutions

Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families can be connected. Education including research and teaching can be connected. Cultural institutions including museums, libraries, and performance venues can be connected. Educational organization including course material, students, faculty, and administration can be connected. Schools including elementary education, secondary education, and higher education can be connected. Economics are significant. Economic activities including production, distribution and exchange, and consumption ca be considered. Industries including companies, agriculture, extraction and manufacturing industries, social and medical services, transportation, communications, and commercial and financial service industries can be connected. Economic systems including firms, networks, system types, and economic system behavior can be connected. Government can be connected. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. Government structure including political parties and interest groups, judicial systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of state, and forms of government can be connected. Government activity including succession, administration, and state relations can be connected. particular governments including local government, national government, and international government can be connected. Religion including religious beliefs, religious practice, and religious organization can be connected. Particular religious traditions including Abrahamic religion, Asiatic religion, pagan religion, and secularism can be considered.

Sociology

Social structure and change

Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure can be connected. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, agrarian societies, and industrial societies can be connected. Social change including social change factors, social change processes, and particular changes can be connected.

Communities such as Shanghai, Osaka, Calcutta, Karachi, Canton, Jakarta, and Cairo can be connected.

Peoples including nations such as Congo (DR), United Kingdom, Italy, and South Korea can be considered.

Western civilization including nations such as France and cities such as Los Angeles will be important. Anglic peoples such as those of the United States can be considered. Cities including New York City can be connected. Latin peoples including those of Mexico can be connected. Cities including Mexico City and Sao Paulo can be connected. Lusitanic peoples including those of Brazil can be connected. Northeast European peoples such as those of Russia can be connected. Germanic peoples including those of Germany can be connected.

Asiatic peoples are important. Thailand can be connected. Cities such as Manila can be considered. Middle Eastern peoples such as those of Egypt can be connected. Turkey can be connected. Iran can be considered. South Asian peoples such as those of India with its city of Delhi can be considered. Pakistan can be considered. Bangladesh can be considered. Cities such as Bombay can be connected. Oriental peoples such as those of China (in which the 2008 Summer Olympic games were held) can be considered. Japan can be considered. Cities such as Tokyo and Seoul can be connected. Southeast Asian peoples such as those of Indonesia, and the Philippines can be connected. Vietnam can be connected.

African peoples including those of Ethiopia are being connected. West African peoples such as those of Nigeria can be considered.

American Indian peoples which are found in nations such as Mexico are less directly useful. South American Indian peoples found in nations such as Brazil have not been noted much. North American Indian peoples such as those found in the United States have had little noticeable influence.

Other History

This is weakly connected to other periods of history through classical and medieval times. It is connected to modern history through the 19th century. Connections to the 20th century through late 20th century are possible. It is connected weakly to the early 2000s. Within the late 2000s, it is connected to 2006 and 2007. It is part of 2008 and connected to the second quarter 2008.

It is followed by the fourth quarter 2008. It is somewhat connected to the future, The near future including next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future have not yet been well examined.