Late mid 20th Century


The late mid 20th century is known for continued US-Soviet polarization in the "Cold War", which affected much of the world.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience History Modern History 20th Century Early 1960s Late 1960s Early 1970s Late 1970s

The late mid 20th century is known for continued US-Soviet polarization in the "Cold War", which affected much of the world.

Early 1960s (1961-65)

The Cold war continued, and following the Cuban Missile Crisis, the US began to send increasing numbers of troops into Vietnam. U. S. President John F. Kennedy was assassinated. He was succeeded in office by Lyndon B. Johnson. A civil rights movement and other social movments were important in the US. Algeria succeded in gaining independence from France. Khruschchev of the USSR was deposed and succeeded by Leonid Brezhnev. Nehru of India died and was succeeded by Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister. Mao instituted a "cultural revolution" in China.

Late 1960s (1966-70)

The Vietnam war continued, with increasing protests and political opposition. De Gaulle of France was removed from office, succeeded by Georges Pompidou. Brazil was led by a military dictatorship. In 1966, Sukarno of Indonesia was stripped of most of his political power, but retained office. In 1967, Sukarno was deposed and succeeded by Suharto. Israel defeated neighboring nations in the 6-day war. In 1968, Richard M. Nixon was elected President of the United States.

Early 1970s (1971-75)

Georges Pompidou of France died in office and was succeeded by d'Estaing. In 1971, with the assistance of India, East Pakistan declared indepencence from Pakistan, as the nation of Bangladesh. In 1973, the Yom Kippur War, Israel was attacked by neigboring nations. Afterwards, OPEC imposed an oil embargo with significant effects on world economics. The US agreed to withdraw its military forces from Vietnam. In 1974, Nixon was forced by the Watergate scandal to resign from office, the first US president to do so. He was succeeded by his appointed Vice President Gerald Ford as 38th president of the United States. In 1975, North Vietnam conquered South Vietnam and unified the country.

Late 1970s (1976-80)

Brazil began moving toward a civilian government. In 1976, Jimmy Carter was elected 39th President of the United States. Mao Zedong died. In 1977, Indira Gandhi was removed from office in India. In 1979, the Shah of Iran was overthrown in an Islamic revolution. In 1980, Indira Gandhi was returned to power in India.


Other history Prehistory Early prehistory including the Pliocene, early Pleistocene, early mid Pleistocene, mid Pleistocene, and late Pleistocene can be connected. Middle prehistory including the 5th millennium BP, 4th millennium BP, 3rd millennium BP, and 2nd millennium BP can be connected. Late prehistory including the early 8th millennium BC, late 8th millennium BC, early 7th millenium BC, late 7th millennium BC, early 6th millennium BC, and late 6th millennium BC can be connected.	Links to other sites None yet added.
Antiquity The 5th millennium BC including the early 5th millennium BC, early mid 5th millennium BC, mid 5th millennium BC, late mid 5th millennium BC, and late 5th millennium BC can be connected. The 4th millennium BC including the early 4th millennium BC, early mid 4th millennium BC, mid 4th millennium BC, late mid 4th millennium BC, and late 4th millennium BC can be connected. The 3rd millennium BC including the early 3rd millennium BC, early mid 3rd millennium BC, mid 3rd millennium BC, and late mid 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The 2nd millennium BC including the early 2nd millennium BC, early mid 2nd millennium BC, mid 2nd millennium BC, late mid 2nd millennium BC, and late 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The early 1st millennium BC including the 10th century BC, 9th century BC, 8th century BC, 7th century BC, and 5th century BC can be connected. Classical and medieval history Early classical history including the 5th century BC, 4th century BC, 3rd century BC, 2nd century BC, and 1st century BC can be connected. Late classical history including the 1st century CE, 2nd century CE, 3rd century CE, 4th century CE, and 5th century CE can be connected. Early medieval history including the 6th century CE, 7th century CE, 8th centjry CE, 9th century CE, and 10th century CE might be connected. Late medieval history including the 11th century, 12th century, 13th century, 14th century, and 15th century can be connected. Other modern history The 16th century including the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century can be connected. The 17th century including the early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be connected. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. The 19th century including the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected. Other 20th century The early 20th century and early mid 20th century can be connected. Events of this period are continuations of the mid 20th century, including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, and especially the late 1950s. These events are continued in the late 20th century, and events overlap with them. The early 1980s are most influenced, but the late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s still make reference to them. In the early 21st century, analyses of this period are likely to be distorted by current political and idealogical concerns. This will be true in in the early 2000s as well as in the late 2000s, including 2006 and 2007. The early 2010s can also be considered. Future The near future including next month, next quarter, and next year can be connected. The middle future including the next 5 years, next 20 years, next century, and next 5 centuries can be connected. The far future including the next 2 millennia, next 10,000 years, next 200,000 years, next million years, and beyond the next million years can be considered. Sociology Peoples of the world, communities, and social structure and change can all be used to examine the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Institutions Religion, government, economics, education, and families can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Religion Religion can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular traditions including Asiatic religion, secularism, and pagan religion are all significant. Abrahamic religion including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism is also valuable. Religious organization, Religious practice, and religious beliefs are important for this period of history. Government Government can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular governments including local, national, and international governments are important. Government activity including administration, succession, and state relations is also important. Government structure including political parties and interest groups, judical systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of government, and government types can be connected. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered. Economics Economics can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Economic systems including firms, networks, system types, and system behavior can be connected. Industries including companies, agriculture, extraction and manufacturing, building and construction, social and medical, transportation, communication, and commercial and financial services are important. Economic activities including production, consumption, and distribution can be connected. Education Education can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Schools including primary education, secondary education, and higher education can be connected. Educational organization including course material, students, faculty, and administration can be connected. Cultural institutions including museums, libraries, and performance venues can be considered. Teaching and research will be important. Families Families can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular families can be examined. Kinship can be examined. Parenting can be examined. Marriage can be considered. Culture Behavioral culture, conceptual culture, and material culture can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Behavioral culture Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, holidays, gatherings, and disasters are significant. Recreation and entertainment including sports, games, theatre, danc, and music can be connected. Occupations including service occupations, industrial occupations, communication related occupations, transportation related occupations, bulding related occupations, and food related occupations can be considered. Customs including vital customs, living and dwelling customs, dress and adornment customs, social interaction customs and institutional customs are important. Conceptual culture Philosophy including philosophical schools and doctrines, special topics, ethics, aesthetics, metaphysics, epistemology, and logic can be connected. Applied science including applied social science, accounting, information science, medical science, navigation, engineering science, and measurement can be connected. Mathematics including statistics, analysis, geometry, algebra, arithmetic, and mathematical foundations can be connected. Literature including literary works, literary types and genres, forms, and oral tradition can be connected. Graphic arts including animation, photography, printmaking, painting, and drawing can be connected. Language including linguistics, writing, and languages of the world is important. Material culture Miscellaneous artifacts such as sculpture, musical instruments, medicines, and toys can be connected. Communication technology including electronic communication, graphic communication, and written communication can be connected. Transportation technology including space transportation, air transportation, water transportation, land transportation, and packaging can be connected. Clothing including adornment, garments, and textiles can be connected. Foodstuffs including prepared foods, preserved and processes foods, and raw foods can be connected. Building technology including outdoor structures, complete buildings, building components, furnishings, and materials can be connected. Industrial technology including tools, fuels, chemical technology, machinery, utilities, and other technology will be useful. Anthropology Particular groups, human geography, human ecology, physical anthropolody, demography, and social foundations can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular groups Particular groups can also be considered. American Academy of Arts and Sciences Royal Society Victorian Society Particular groups that examine this period include: World History Association Human geography European geography including Balkan geography, Italian geography, Iberian geography, Eastern European geography, Central European geography, Northeast European geography, Island European geography, and Scandinavian geography can be connected. Asian geography including Southwest Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, and North Asia can be connected. African geography including East African geography, West African geography, North African geography, North Central African geography, South Central African geography, and Southern African geography can be connected. North American geography including Northern North American geography, Middle North American geography, and Southern North American geography can be connected. South American geography can be connected. Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology Human effects on the environment can be connected. Relations with other life can be connected. Environmental influence on people can be connected. Physical anthropology Human dispersion can be connected. Racial variation can be connected. Human origins can be connected Demography Population change can be connected. Population size and structure can be connected. Mortality and morbidity can be connected. Migration can be connected. Birth and fertility can be connected. Social foundations Social group behavior can be connected. Social group types can be connected. Social control can be connected. Social interaction can be connected. Social presentation can be connected. Personal studies Biography, psychology, and the human body can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Biographies Biographies can be connected. Bush, George W. Bush, George H. W. Gorbachev, Mikhail Heisenberg, Werner Kennedy, John F. Mao Zedong Pincus, Gregory Blair, Tony Carter, Jimmy Chirac, Jaques Churchill, Winston Clinton, Bill Ford, Gerald Hu Jintao Kohl, Helmut Major, John Mitterand, Francois Putin, Vladimir Reagan, Ronald Schroeder, Gerhard Thatcher, Margaret Vajpayee, Atal Bihari Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavior patterns, developmental psychology, mendal distorders, personality, and social psychology can be connected. The human body including body systems, body functions, human life cycle, disease, and form and appearance can be connected. Science Biology, earth science, astronomy, chemistry, and physics can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Biology including molecular biology, cell biology, organism biology, systematics, ecology, and biohistory can be connected. Earth science including geology, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, ecology, and geohistory can be connected. Astronomy including solar system astronomy, stellar astronomy, galactic astronomy, and cosmology can be considered. Chemistry and physics are somewhat useful in considering the late-mid 20th century.

Other history

Prehistory

Early prehistory including the Pliocene, early Pleistocene, early mid Pleistocene, mid Pleistocene, and late Pleistocene can be connected. Middle prehistory including the 5th millennium BP, 4th millennium BP, 3rd millennium BP, and 2nd millennium BP can be connected. Late prehistory including the early 8th millennium BC, late 8th millennium BC, early 7th millenium BC, late 7th millennium BC, early 6th millennium BC, and late 6th millennium BC can be connected.

Links to other sites
None yet added.

Antiquity

The 5th millennium BC including the early 5th millennium BC, early mid 5th millennium BC, mid 5th millennium BC, late mid 5th millennium BC, and late 5th millennium BC can be connected. The 4th millennium BC including the early 4th millennium BC, early mid 4th millennium BC, mid 4th millennium BC, late mid 4th millennium BC, and late 4th millennium BC can be connected. The 3rd millennium BC including the early 3rd millennium BC, early mid 3rd millennium BC, mid 3rd millennium BC, and late mid 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The 2nd millennium BC including the early 2nd millennium BC, early mid 2nd millennium BC, mid 2nd millennium BC, late mid 2nd millennium BC, and late 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The early 1st millennium BC including the 10th century BC, 9th century BC, 8th century BC, 7th century BC, and 5th century BC can be connected.

Classical and medieval history

Early classical history including the 5th century BC, 4th century BC, 3rd century BC, 2nd century BC, and 1st century BC can be connected. Late classical history including the 1st century CE, 2nd century CE, 3rd century CE, 4th century CE, and 5th century CE can be connected. Early medieval history including the 6th century CE, 7th century CE, 8th centjry CE, 9th century CE, and 10th century CE might be connected. Late medieval history including the 11th century, 12th century, 13th century, 14th century, and 15th century can be connected.

Other modern history

The 16th century including the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century can be connected. The 17th century including the early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be connected. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. The 19th century including the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late mid 19th century, and late 19th century can be connected.

Other 20th century

The early 20th century and early mid 20th century can be connected. Events of this period are continuations of the mid 20th century, including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, and especially the late 1950s.

These events are continued in the late 20th century, and events overlap with them. The early 1980s are most influenced, but the late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s still make reference to them. In the early 21st century, analyses of this period are likely to be distorted by current political and idealogical concerns. This will be true in in the early 2000s as well as in the late 2000s, including 2006 and 2007. The early 2010s can also be considered.

Future

The near future including next month, next quarter, and next year can be connected. The middle future including the next 5 years, next 20 years, next century, and next 5 centuries can be connected. The far future including the next 2 millennia, next 10,000 years, next 200,000 years, next million years, and beyond the next million years can be considered.

Sociology

Peoples of the world, communities, and social structure and change can all be used to examine the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Institutions

Religion, government, economics, education, and families can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Religion

Religion can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular traditions including Asiatic religion, secularism, and pagan religion are all significant. Abrahamic religion including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism is also valuable. Religious organization, Religious practice, and religious beliefs are important for this period of history.

Government

Government can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular governments including local, national, and international governments are important. Government activity including administration, succession, and state relations is also important. Government structure including political parties and interest groups, judical systems, legislative systems, executive systems, heads of government, and government types can be connected. Law including tribal law, Asiatic law, Western law, and International law can be considered.

Economics

Economics can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Economic systems including firms, networks, system types, and system behavior can be connected. Industries including companies, agriculture, extraction and manufacturing, building and construction, social and medical, transportation, communication, and commercial and financial services are important. Economic activities including production, consumption, and distribution can be connected.

Education

Education can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Schools including primary education, secondary education, and higher education can be connected. Educational organization including course material, students, faculty, and administration can be connected. Cultural institutions including museums, libraries, and performance venues can be considered. Teaching and research will be important.

Families

Families can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s. Particular families can be examined. Kinship can be examined. Parenting can be examined. Marriage can be considered.

Culture

Behavioral culture, conceptual culture, and material culture can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Behavioral culture

Cultural events such as miscellaneous events, holidays, gatherings, and disasters are significant. Recreation and entertainment including sports, games, theatre, danc, and music can be connected. Occupations including service occupations, industrial occupations, communication related occupations, transportation related occupations, bulding related occupations, and food related occupations can be considered. Customs including vital customs, living and dwelling customs, dress and adornment customs, social interaction customs and institutional customs are important.

Conceptual culture

Philosophy including philosophical schools and doctrines, special topics, ethics, aesthetics, metaphysics, epistemology, and logic can be connected. Applied science including applied social science, accounting, information science, medical science, navigation, engineering science, and measurement can be connected. Mathematics including statistics, analysis, geometry, algebra, arithmetic, and mathematical foundations can be connected. Literature including literary works, literary types and genres, forms, and oral tradition can be connected. Graphic arts including animation, photography, printmaking, painting, and drawing can be connected. Language including linguistics, writing, and languages of the world is important.

Material culture

Miscellaneous artifacts such as sculpture, musical instruments, medicines, and toys can be connected. Communication technology including electronic communication, graphic communication, and written communication can be connected. Transportation technology including space transportation, air transportation, water transportation, land transportation, and packaging can be connected. Clothing including adornment, garments, and textiles can be connected. Foodstuffs including prepared foods, preserved and processes foods, and raw foods can be connected. Building technology including outdoor structures, complete buildings, building components, furnishings, and materials can be connected. Industrial technology including tools, fuels, chemical technology, machinery, utilities, and other technology will be useful.

Anthropology

Particular groups, human geography, human ecology, physical anthropolody, demography, and social foundations can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Particular groups

Particular groups can also be considered.

Particular groups that examine this period include:

World History Association

Human geography

European geography including Balkan geography, Italian geography, Iberian geography, Eastern European geography, Central European geography, Northeast European geography, Island European geography, and Scandinavian geography can be connected. Asian geography including Southwest Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, and North Asia can be connected. African geography including East African geography, West African geography, North African geography, North Central African geography, South Central African geography, and Southern African geography can be connected. North American geography including Northern North American geography, Middle North American geography, and Southern North American geography can be connected. South American geography can be connected. Oceanic geography can be connected.

Human ecology

Human effects on the environment can be connected. Relations with other life can be connected. Environmental influence on people can be connected.

Physical anthropology

Human dispersion can be connected. Racial variation can be connected. Human origins can be connected

Demography

Population change can be connected. Population size and structure can be connected. Mortality and morbidity can be connected. Migration can be connected. Birth and fertility can be connected.

Social foundations

Social group behavior can be connected. Social group types can be connected. Social control can be connected. Social interaction can be connected. Social presentation can be connected.

Personal studies

Biography, psychology, and the human body can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Biographies

Biographies can be connected.

Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavior patterns, developmental psychology, mendal distorders, personality, and social psychology can be connected. The human body including body systems, body functions, human life cycle, disease, and form and appearance can be connected.

Science

Biology, earth science, astronomy, chemistry, and physics can be used to examine events of the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s.

Biology including molecular biology, cell biology, organism biology, systematics, ecology, and biohistory can be connected. Earth science including geology, hydrospheric science, atmospheric science, ecology, and geohistory can be connected. Astronomy including solar system astronomy, stellar astronomy, galactic astronomy, and cosmology can be considered. Chemistry and physics are somewhat useful in considering the late-mid 20th century.

Top