Early Mid 18th Century


The industrial Revolution begins with improvements in the steam engine by James Watt. British win control of North American from France, but the American Colonies declared their independence.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience History Modern History 18th Century

The industrial Revolution begins with improvements in the steam engine by James Watt. British win control of North American from France, but the American Colonies declared their independence.

Early 1720s

Voltaire began to become noted as an author and social critic in this period.

Late 1720s

Voltaire continued as a noted author and social critic in this period. Euler began his work in mathematics. Franklin began working as a printer.

Early 1730s

Voltaire continued writing. Euler continued his work in mathematicics. Franklin was noted as a printer and publisher,

Late 1730s

Voltaire continued writing. Euler continued his work in mathematics. Franklin became more involved as an inventor and civilc leader.


Other History Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory can be connected. Antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC can be connected. Classical and medieval history including early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medieval history is weakly connected. Other Modern history Earlier modern history through the 16th century and 17th century can be connected. This is part of the 18th century and follows the early 18th century. It is followed by the mid 18th century. It is rather weakly connected to history including the 19th century. The 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, late mid 20th century, and late 20th century, can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s, late 2000s, and early 2010s can be connected. The future including the near future, middle future, and far future might be connected.
Sociology Peoples are highly significant. Peoples are being examined using nations. Vietnam, Germany, Egypt, Ethiopia, Turkey, Congo DR, Iran, Thailand France, UK, Italy, South Korea can be examined. Western civilization will be important. Mexico can be connected. Anglic peoples include those of what is now the United States (which did not yet exist, but the British colonies that later composed it did). Latin peoples including those of Brazil, which remained under Portuguese rule, can be connected. Among Northeast European peoples, In Russia, explorers reached the Bering sea, Russia strengthened its control of Poland, and reconquered territory from the Ottoman turks. Asiatic peoples can be examined. The Philippines can be considered. Among South Asian peoples, India, invasions from Afghanistan destroyed real power of the Mughal government. Pakistan was invaded by Afghan peoples. In Bangladesh the British contined to expand their presence. Among Oriental peoples, China was fairly strong and properous. Japan remained in feudal isolation. In Southeast Asia, Indonesia was ruled by the Dutch. African peoples are important. For Nigeria I have no details at present. American Indian peoples as found in the United States and Brazil are important. Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can also contribute. Social structure and change Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure will be useful. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, and agrarian societies can be considered. Social change including social change factors, social change processes, and particular social changes and movements can be considered. Institutions Religion including religious beliefs, practice, and organization will be significant. Major religious traditions including Abrahamic religion, Asiatic religion, pagan religion, and secularism can be considered. Government including law and government structure will be useful. Government activities including sucession, administration, and state relations can be connected. Particular governments including local government, national government, and international government can be connected. Economics including economic activities, industries, and economic systems can be connected. Education including teaching, research, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools can be connected. Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families can be connected. Culture Behavioral culture including customs, occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events can be considered. Conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathematics, applied science, and philosophy will be important. Material culture including industrial technology, building technology, foodstuffs, clothing, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts will be important. Anthropology Particular groups can be connected. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology including environmental influence on people, relations with other life, and human relations with the environment can be considered. Physical anthropology including human dispersion, racial variation, and human origins can be considered. Demography including population change, population size and structure, deaths, migration, and births can be connected. Social foundations including social group behavior, social group types, social control, social interaction, and social presentation can be considered. Personal studies Biography will be more directly useful. Particular prominent individuals include: Leeuwenhoek Newton Watt Adam Smith Washington Bach Voltaire Euler Rousseau Peter I (the Great) Franklin Psychology including social psychology, personality, mental disorders, developmental psychology, behavior patterns, mind, and behavioral elements can be connected. The human body including form and appearance, human life cycle, disease, body functions, and body systems can be connected. Science Biology including biohistory, ecology, systematics, organism biology, cell biology, and molecular biology can be connected. Earth science including geohistory, physical geography, atmospheric science, hydrospheric science, and geology can be connected. Astronomy including cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and local astronomy can be connected. Chemistry including chemical systems, chemical change, and chemical substances can be connected. Physics including the structure of matter, modern physics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and mechanics can be connected.

Other History

Prehistory including early prehistory, middle prehistory, and late prehistory can be connected. Antiquity including the 5th millennium BC, 4th millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC, 2nd millennium BC, and early 1st millennium BC can be connected. Classical and medieval history including early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medieval history is weakly connected.

Other Modern history

Earlier modern history through the 16th century and 17th century can be connected. This is part of the 18th century and follows the early 18th century.

It is followed by the mid 18th century. It is rather weakly connected to history including the 19th century. The 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, late mid 20th century, and late 20th century, can be connected. The early 21st century including the early 2000s, late 2000s, and early 2010s can be connected.

The future including the near future, middle future, and far future might be connected.

Sociology

Peoples are highly significant. Peoples are being examined using nations. Vietnam, Germany, Egypt, Ethiopia, Turkey, Congo DR, Iran, Thailand France, UK, Italy, South Korea can be examined.

Western civilization will be important. Mexico can be connected. Anglic peoples include those of what is now the United States (which did not yet exist, but the British colonies that later composed it did). Latin peoples including those of Brazil, which remained under Portuguese rule, can be connected. Among Northeast European peoples, In Russia, explorers reached the Bering sea, Russia strengthened its control of Poland, and reconquered territory from the Ottoman turks.

Asiatic peoples can be examined. The Philippines can be considered. Among South Asian peoples, India, invasions from Afghanistan destroyed real power of the Mughal government. Pakistan was invaded by Afghan peoples. In Bangladesh the British contined to expand their presence. Among Oriental peoples, China was fairly strong and properous. Japan remained in feudal isolation. In Southeast Asia, Indonesia was ruled by the Dutch.

African peoples are important. For Nigeria I have no details at present.

American Indian peoples as found in the United States and Brazil are important.

Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can also contribute.

Social structure and change

Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure will be useful. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, and agrarian societies can be considered. Social change including social change factors, social change processes, and particular social changes and movements can be considered.

Institutions

Religion including religious beliefs, practice, and organization will be significant. Major religious traditions including Abrahamic religion, Asiatic religion, pagan religion, and secularism can be considered. Government including law and government structure will be useful. Government activities including sucession, administration, and state relations can be connected. Particular governments including local government, national government, and international government can be connected. Economics including economic activities, industries, and economic systems can be connected. Education including teaching, research, cultural institutions, educational organization, and schools can be connected. Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families can be connected.

Culture

Behavioral culture including customs, occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events can be considered. Conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathematics, applied science, and philosophy will be important. Material culture including industrial technology, building technology, foodstuffs, clothing, transportation technology, communication technology, and other artifacts will be important.

Anthropology

Particular groups can be connected. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology including environmental influence on people, relations with other life, and human relations with the environment can be considered. Physical anthropology including human dispersion, racial variation, and human origins can be considered. Demography including population change, population size and structure, deaths, migration, and births can be connected. Social foundations including social group behavior, social group types, social control, social interaction, and social presentation can be considered.

Personal studies

Biography will be more directly useful. Particular prominent individuals include:

Psychology including social psychology, personality, mental disorders, developmental psychology, behavior patterns, mind, and behavioral elements can be connected. The human body including form and appearance, human life cycle, disease, body functions, and body systems can be connected.

Science

Biology including biohistory, ecology, systematics, organism biology, cell biology, and molecular biology can be connected. Earth science including geohistory, physical geography, atmospheric science, hydrospheric science, and geology can be connected. Astronomy including cosmology, galactic astronomy, stellar astronomy, and local astronomy can be connected. Chemistry including chemical systems, chemical change, and chemical substances can be connected. Physics including the structure of matter, modern physics, electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and mechanics can be connected.

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