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This century can be examined using peoples of the world, communities, and social structure and change. |
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Peoples of the world, communities, and social structure and change can be applied to the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late-mid 16th century, and late 16th century.
Peoples can be examined by first looking at particular nations. Westerm civilization began to become prominent in this period, but for the most part was ignored by Asiatic peoples. African peoples and American Indian peoples can be applied to the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century.
Nations with significant historical content are listed below under the peoples they belong to.
Paraguay, Laos, Sierra Leone, Jordan, Libya, Papua, Togo, Nicaragua Denmark, Slovakia, Kyrgystan, Finland, Turkmenistan, Eritrea, Norway, Georgia, United Arab Emirates, Singapore, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Central African Republic, Moldova, Costa Rica, New Zealand, Ireland, Palestinian Territories, Lebanon, Puerto Rico, Congo, Albania, Lithuania, Uruguay, Mauritania, Liberia, Oman, Panama, Mongolia, Armenia, Jamaica, Kuwait, Latvia, Lesotho, Kosovo, Namibia, Macedonia, Slovenia, Botswana, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Gabon, Estonia, and Mauritius can be considered.
Western civilization can be connected to the mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century. El Salvador can be connected to the 16th century. Caracas was founded in the 16th century.
Anglic peoples can be connected to the 16th century in general. There were early explorations of Canada. Cities include London.
British peoples including those of the United Kingdom can be connected. This was involved in the Reformation and contended with the Spanish empire.
Anglo-American peoples can be connected. There were settlements in what is now the United States, although though none of the colonies founded in this period survived.
Latin peoples expanded considerably. Honduras was significant. Santiago was founded. Among Italic peoples, Italy was divided. Among French peoples, France was divided by the Protestant reformation, but began explorations of North America.Haiti might be connected. Paris can be connected. Among Hispanic peoples, Haiti might be connected. Madrid can be connected. Spain became the richest, most powerful country in Europe as it plundered treasures of the Aztec and Inca empires, and was a staunch supporter of the Catholic church during the Reformation. Hispanic Mexican America began to be conquered and colonized. Mexico was conquered and colonized by the Spanish. Guatemala was conquered by Hispanic peoples. Cuba was conquered by Hispanic peoples. Dominican Republic was conquered by Hispanic peoples. The Aztec city of Tenochtitlan was destroyed and rebuilt as Mexico City. In Hispanic Colombian America, Colombia and Venezuela were settled by the Spanish. Ecuador was conquered by Hispanic peoples. Bogota was founded. In Hispanic Peruvian America, Bolivia was conquered by Hispanic peoples. Peru was conquered and settled by the Spanish. Chile was conquered by the Spanish. In Hispanic Argentine American peoples, Argentina may have begun to be explored by the Spanish. Buenos Aires was founded by the Spanish. Among Lusitanic peoples, Portugal was an important colonial power. Brazil began to be settled. Sao Paulo was founded. Rio de Janeiro was founded.
Germanic peoples include Switzerland. Germany was the site of much conflict as a principal seat of the Protestant Reformation. The Netherlands can be considered. Belgium can be connected. Austria can be connected.
Northeast European peoples including those of Russia (which began to expand eastward across Siberia) and Ukraine, which was part of the kingdom of Poland can be identified. The Czech Republic can be considered. Belarus can be connected. Cities include Moscow, for which I have no particular details.
Balkan peoples including those of Bulgaria can be connected. Romania can be connected. Greece can be connected. Serbia can be connected. Hungary can be connected.
Scandinavian peoples including Sweden will be highly significant.
Asiatic peoples can so far be connected to the late mid 16th century and the late 16th century. Several of these were contacted by the Portuguese. Nations include Israel, Hong Kong. Xian can be connected.
For Middle Eastern peoples, I have no details for Tunisia. Riyadh can be connected. Turkey with its city of Istanbul was the center of the Ottoman Empire, though I have no specific details for it. Egypt with its capital of Cairowas ruled by the Ottoman Empire. Levantine peoples including those of Syria can be connected. I have no details for Mesopotamian peoples including Iraq. I have no details on the development of Baghdad. Among Persian peoples, I lack specific details on Iran, then known as Persia, and for Afghanistan. I have no details of Tehran. I have no details for Arabia including Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Among North African people, I have no detals for Morocco or Algeria.
South Asian peoples can be connected to the 16th century in general.
In India, the Mughal empire was beginning. I have no details on the development of Delhi, Bangalore, or Hyderabad. Pakistan (which was included in the Mughal empire) with its city of Lahore and Bangladesh (Where the Mughal empire had some influence) with its city of Dacca were important. I have no details on the development of Nepal or Sri Lanka. I have no details on the development of Ahmedabad.
For Central Asian peoples including those of Tajikistan I do not yet have significant details. Inner Asian peoples including those of Kazakhstan can be connected. Uzbekistan can be connected. Western Asian peoples including those of Azerbaijan can be connected.
Oriental peoples can be connected to the late 16th century. I have no details for Shenyang. In China the Ming dynasty was in decline. I have no details on the development of Dongguan. North Central China including Beijing can be connected. I have no details on the development of Tientsen. South Central China including Shanghai and Wuhan can be connected. Southern Coastal China including Canton and Shenzhen can be connected. Southern Interior China including Chungking and Chengtu can be connected. Japan (which was first contacted by Europeans) is also significant. I lack details for Tokyo and Osaka. South Korea is somewhat important. I lack details for Seoul. I lack details for North Korea or Taiwan.
Southeast Asian people may give some information about the 16th century. They began to experience European influence. I have no details yet on Cambodia. Rangoon can be connected.
In Mainland Southeast Asia, there is Vietnam (for which I have no details). I lack specific details on Thailand, except that the Portuguese and Dutch began trading there. I lack specific details on Burma and Malaysia. Among peoples of the Southeast Asian Archipelagoes, in Indonesia the Portuguese began to set up trading posts. I have no details on the development of Jakarta. The Philippines began to come under Spanish rule. Manila was founded by the Spanish. Australia can be considered.
African peoples are not as well known. Information on Benin is scanty. Cities such as Johannesburg can be connected.
Eastern African peoples including Burundi are not yet well known. I have no information on Northern East Africa including Ethiopia or Somalia. I have no information in Interior Eastern africa including Sudan and Chad. I have no information on Central Eastern Africa including Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, or Rwanda.
Western African peoples (So far including those of Guinea) are not well known. Cities such as Lagos can be connected. Southern Coastal West Africa including Nigeria, Ghana, and Cote d'Ivoire can be considered. Western Coastal West Africa including Senegal can be considered. Interior West Coastal Africa including Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali can be connected.
I have no details for South Africa, except that Europeans regularly sailed past en route to the Indies. I also have no information on Mozambique, Madagascar, Malawi, Zimbabwe, or Zambia.
I have no details for Central African peoples including Congo, Cameroon, and Angola.
American Indian peoples can be examined for the 16th century in general through national histories of such nations as El Salvador. The Aztec city of Tenochtitlan was destroyed and rebuilt as Mexico City.
Middle American Indian peoples will give some information about the 16th century in general. Those found in Honduras can be examined.
Meso-American peoples found principally in Mexico and Guatemala can be connected. Caribbean peoples found in Haiti can be connected. Cuba can be connected. The Dominican Republic can be connected. Southwestern American Indian peoples found in the southwestern United States and Mexico can be connected.
South American Indian people such as those found in Bolivia can be considered.
Andean peoples such as those of Colombia and Argentina can be connected. Peru was conquered by Hispanic peoples. Venezuela can be considered. can be considered. Chile can be connected. Ecuador can be connected. Amazonian peoples such as those of Brazil Argentina can be connected. Cono/Southern American Indian peoples such as those of Argentina and Chile can be connected.
North American Indian peoples will give some information about the 16th century in general. The United States and Canada can be examined. Eastern North American Indian peoples, Western North American Indian peoples, and Northern North American Indian peoples can be connected.
Cities including Poona, St. Petersburg, Kuala Lumpur, and Nanking, Singapore, Guadalajara, Alexandria, Chittagong, Phoenix, Sydney, Algiers, and Harbin can be connected.
The early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century can be examined using social structure and change.
The Agricultural revolution can be connected. Stages of the agrarian revolution including the bronze age, early iron age, late iron age, and early modernization can be connected. The industrial revolution had not yet begun.
Social change processes including innovation, transmission, adaptation, and extinction can be considered. Social change factors including institutional change, cultural change, demographic change, and natural change can be connected.
Social types include some of horticultural and agrarian societies. There were some hunting and gathering societies. Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, classes, and regional and community structure are important.