Communications technology


This includes broad categories of written communication, graphic communication, and electrical communication. There is some overlap among these areas, especially written and graphic communication.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience Culture Material Culture

This includes broad categories of written communication, graphic communication, and electrical communication. There is some overlap among these areas, especially written and graphic communication.

Electronic communication

c. 1863 - 1883 Edison invents or improves numerous electrical and communication devices and begins building electrical power networks.

c. 1875 Bell invents the telephone.

1895 - 1900 Marconi invents wireless telegraphy (radio) and demonstrates its usefulness in communication with ships at sea.

1901 Marconi demonstrates trans-atlantic radio communication.

1923 Marconi demonstrates directed short-wave radio communications.

Written communication

c. 1455 Gutenberg develops a movable-type printing press and publishes the Bible

Graphic communication

c. 1839 Daguerre invents practical photographic process.


History Prehistory Early prehistory ioncluding the Pliocene, early Pleistocene, early mid Pleistocene, late mid Pleistocene, and late Pleistocene can be connected. Middle prehistory including the 5th decamillenniumn BP, 4th decamillennium BP. 3rd decamillennium BP, and 2nd decamillennium BP can be connected. Late prehistory including the early 8th millennium BC, late 8th millennium BC, early 7th millennium BC, late 7th millennium BC, early 6th millennium BC, and late 6th millennium BC can be connected.	Links to other sites
Antiquity The 5th millennium BC including the early 5th millennium BC, early mid 5th millennium BC, mid 5th millennium BC, late mid 5th millennium BC, and late 5th millennium BC can be connected. The 4th millennium BC including the early 4th millennium BC, early mid 4th millennium BC, mid 4th millennium BC, late mid 4th millennium BC, and late 4th millennium BC can be connected. The 3rd millennium BC including the early 3rd millennium BC, early mid 3rd millennium BC, mid 3rd millennium BC, late mid 3rd millennium BC, and late 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The 2nd millennium BC including the early 2nd millennium BC, early mid 2nd millennium BC, mid 2nd millennium BC, late mid 2nd millennium BC, and late 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The early 1st millennium including the 10th century BC, 9th century BC, 8th century BC, 7th century BC, and 6th century BC can be connected. Classical and medieval history Written communication and graphic communication continued to develop. Early classical times including the 5th century BC, 4th century BC, 3rd century BC, 2nd century BC, and 1st century BC can be connected. Late classical times including the 1st century CE, 2nd century CE, 3rd century CE, 4th century CE, and 5th century CE can be connected. Early medieval times including the 6th century, 7th century, 8th century, 9th century, and 10th century can be considered. Late medieval times including the 11th century, 12th century, 13th century, 14th century, and 15th century can be connected. Modern times The 16th century including the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century can be connected. The 17th century including the early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be connected. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected. The 19th century including the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, and mid 19th century can be connected. The late mid 19th century including the early 1860s, late 1860s, early 1870s, and late 1870s can be connected. The late 19th century including the early 1880s, late 1880s, early 1890s, and late 1890s can be connected. 20th century The early 20th century including the early 1900s, late 1900s, early 1910s, and late 1910s can be connected. The early mid 20th century including the early 1920s, late 1920s, early 1930s, and late 1930s can be connected. The mid 20th century including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, and late 1950s can be connected. The late mid 20th century including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s can be connected. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected. Early 21st century The early 2000s including 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 cancan be connected. The late 2000s including 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010 can be connected. The early 2010s can be connected. 2011 including the first quarter 2011 and second quarter 2011 can be connected. Its future has not yet been closely examined. Sociology Peoples of the world including Asiatic peoples, Western civilization, African peoples, and American Indian peoples can be coneected. Particular nations including China, India, and Indonesia can be connected. Western civilization including the United States can be connected. American Indian peoples including those of the United States can be connected. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can be connected. Social structure and change Social change including particular changes and movements, social change processes, and social change factors can be connected. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, agrarian societies, and industrial societies can be connected. Social structure including community and regional structure, class structure, institutional structure, cultural structure, and demographic structure can be connected. Institutions Religion including religious organization, religious practice, and religious belief can be connected. Particular religions including Abrahamic religion, secularism, Asiatic religion, and pagan religion can be connected. Government including particular governments, government activity, government structure, and law can be connected. Economics including economic systems, industries, and economic activities can be connected. Education including schools, educational organization, cultural institutions, teaching, and research can be connected. Families including particular families, kinship, parenting, and marriage can be connected. Other Culture Behavioral culture including cultural events, recreation and entertainment, occupations, and customs can be connected. Conceptual culture including philosophy, applied science, mathematics, literature, graphic arts, and lanuage can be connected. Other material culture including miscellaneous artifacts, transportation technology, clothing and dress, foodstuffs, building technology, and industrial technology can be connected. Anthropology including social foundations, demography, and physical anthropology can be connected. Particular groups can be connected. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology including effect of people on the environment, relations with other life, and effects of the environment on people can be connected. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography are useful.This will include connections to science including physics, chemistry, astronomy, earth science, and biology.

Early prehistory ioncluding the Pliocene, early Pleistocene, early mid Pleistocene, late mid Pleistocene, and late Pleistocene can be connected. Middle prehistory including the 5th decamillenniumn BP, 4th decamillennium BP. 3rd decamillennium BP, and 2nd decamillennium BP can be connected. Late prehistory including the early 8th millennium BC, late 8th millennium BC, early 7th millennium BC, late 7th millennium BC, early 6th millennium BC, and late 6th millennium BC can be connected.

Links to other sites

Antiquity

The 5th millennium BC including the early 5th millennium BC, early mid 5th millennium BC, mid 5th millennium BC, late mid 5th millennium BC, and late 5th millennium BC can be connected. The 4th millennium BC including the early 4th millennium BC, early mid 4th millennium BC, mid 4th millennium BC, late mid 4th millennium BC, and late 4th millennium BC can be connected. The 3rd millennium BC including the early 3rd millennium BC, early mid 3rd millennium BC, mid 3rd millennium BC, late mid 3rd millennium BC, and late 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The 2nd millennium BC including the early 2nd millennium BC, early mid 2nd millennium BC, mid 2nd millennium BC, late mid 2nd millennium BC, and late 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The early 1st millennium including the 10th century BC, 9th century BC, 8th century BC, 7th century BC, and 6th century BC can be connected.

Classical and medieval history

Written communication and graphic communication continued to develop. Early classical times including the 5th century BC, 4th century BC, 3rd century BC, 2nd century BC, and 1st century BC can be connected. Late classical times including the 1st century CE, 2nd century CE, 3rd century CE, 4th century CE, and 5th century CE can be connected. Early medieval times including the 6th century, 7th century, 8th century, 9th century, and 10th century can be considered. Late medieval times including the 11th century, 12th century, 13th century, 14th century, and 15th century can be connected.

Modern times

The 16th century including the early 16th century, early mid 16th century, mid 16th century, late mid 16th century, and late 16th century can be connected. The 17th century including the early 17th century, early mid 17th century, mid 17th century, late mid 17th century, and late 17th century can be connected. The 18th century including the early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century can be connected.

The 19th century including the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, and mid 19th century can be connected. The late mid 19th century including the early 1860s, late 1860s, early 1870s, and late 1870s can be connected. The late 19th century including the early 1880s, late 1880s, early 1890s, and late 1890s can be connected.

20th century

The early 20th century including the early 1900s, late 1900s, early 1910s, and late 1910s can be connected. The early mid 20th century including the early 1920s, late 1920s, early 1930s, and late 1930s can be connected. The mid 20th century including the early 1940s, late 1940s, early 1950s, and late 1950s can be connected. The late mid 20th century including the early 1960s, late 1960s, early 1970s, and late 1970s can be connected. The late 20th century including the early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be connected.

Early 21st century

The early 2000s including 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 cancan be connected. The late 2000s including 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010 can be connected. The early 2010s can be connected. 2011 including the first quarter 2011 and second quarter 2011 can be connected. Its future has not yet been closely examined.

Sociology

Peoples of the world including Asiatic peoples, Western civilization, African peoples, and American Indian peoples can be coneected. Particular nations including China, India, and Indonesia can be connected. Western civilization including the United States can be connected. American Indian peoples including those of the United States can be connected.

Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can be connected.

Social structure and change

Social change including particular changes and movements, social change processes, and social change factors can be connected. Social types including hunting and gathering societies, horticultural societies, agrarian societies, and industrial societies can be connected. Social structure including community and regional structure, class structure, institutional structure, cultural structure, and demographic structure can be connected.

Institutions

Religion including religious organization, religious practice, and religious belief can be connected. Particular religions including Abrahamic religion, secularism, Asiatic religion, and pagan religion can be connected.

Government including particular governments, government activity, government structure, and law can be connected. Economics including economic systems, industries, and economic activities can be connected. Education including schools, educational organization, cultural institutions, teaching, and research can be connected. Families including particular families, kinship, parenting, and marriage can be connected.

Other Culture

Behavioral culture including cultural events, recreation and entertainment, occupations, and customs can be connected. Conceptual culture including philosophy, applied science, mathematics, literature, graphic arts, and lanuage can be connected. Other material culture including miscellaneous artifacts, transportation technology, clothing and dress, foodstuffs, building technology, and industrial technology can be connected.

Anthropology including social foundations, demography, and physical anthropology can be connected. Particular groups can be connected. Human geography including European geography, Asian geography, African geography, North American geography, South American geography, and Oceanic geography can be connected. Human ecology including effect of people on the environment, relations with other life, and effects of the environment on people can be connected.

Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography are useful.This will include connections to science including physics, chemistry, astronomy, earth science, and biology.