Communications technology


This includes broad categories of written communication, graphic communication, and electrical communication. There is some overlap among these areas, especially written and graphic communication.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience Culture Material Culture

This includes broad categories of written communication, graphic communication, and electrical communication. There is some overlap among these areas, especially written and graphic communication.

Written communication

c. 1455 Gutenberg develops a movable-type printing press and publishes the Bible

Graphic communication

c. 1839 Daguerre invents practical photographic process.

Electronic communication

c. 1863 - 1883 Edison invents or improves numerous electrical and communication devices and begins building electrical power networks.

c. 1875 Bell invents the telephone.

1895 - 1900 Marconi invents wireless telegraphy (radio) and demonstrates its usefulness in communication with ships at sea.

1901 Marconi demonstrates trans-atlantic radio communication.

1923 Marconi demonstrates directed short-wave radio communications.


This will include connections to science including physics, chemistry, astronomy, earth science, and biology. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography are useful. Anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups can be connected. Other areas of culture including other material culture, conceptual culture, and behavioral culture can be considered. Institutions including families, education, economics, government, and religion will all be closely connected.	Links to other sites
This will draw examples from sociology including social structure and change. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can be connected. Peoples of the world including Asiatic peoples, Western civilization, African peoples, and American Indian peoples can be coneected. Particular nations including the United States, China, India, and Indonesia can be connected. Its history can be followed from prehistory through antiquity. In classical and medieval times, including the early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medival times, written communication and graphic communication developed. In modern times, including the 16th century, 17th century, 18th century, and 19th century communications technology has developed substantially. Numerous developments of the 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, late-mid 20th century, late 20th century, and early 21st century can be connected. Its future has not yet been closely examined.

This will include connections to science including physics, chemistry, astronomy, earth science, and biology. Personal studies including the human body, psychology, and biography are useful. Anthropology including social foundations, demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups can be connected. Other areas of culture including other material culture, conceptual culture, and behavioral culture can be considered. Institutions including families, education, economics, government, and religion will all be closely connected.

Links to other sites

This will draw examples from sociology including social structure and change. Communities including Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City can be connected. Peoples of the world including Asiatic peoples, Western civilization, African peoples, and American Indian peoples can be coneected. Particular nations including the United States, China, India, and Indonesia can be connected.

Its history can be followed from prehistory through antiquity. In classical and medieval times, including the early classical, late classical, early medieval, and late medival times, written communication and graphic communication developed. In modern times, including the 16th century, 17th century, 18th century, and 19th century communications technology has developed substantially. Numerous developments of the 20th century including the early 20th century, early mid 20th century, mid 20th century, late-mid 20th century, late 20th century, and early 21st century can be connected. Its future has not yet been closely examined.