Human geography


Human geography is concerned with the physical distribution of humankind on the earth, in various regions of the world. These regions include Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South American, and Australia/Oceania. Much of the detail associated with these regions, such as their population, natural resources, and other geographical problems will be included in the application of other areas of anthropology, as these are themselves better developed. Subdivisions of these various regions will also be mentioned as they are developed.	Sapience Home Site Map About Sapience Anthropology Europe Asia Africa North America South America Oceania

Human geography is concerned with the physical distribution of humankind on the earth, in various regions of the world. These regions include Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South American, and Australia/Oceania.

Much of the detail associated with these regions, such as their population, natural resources, and other geographical problems will be included in the application of other areas of anthropology, as these are themselves better developed. Subdivisions of these various regions will also be mentioned as they are developed.

Anthropology

Asia

Asia includes regions of Southwest Asia, (The Middle East), South Asia (India), East Asia (China), Southeast Asia, Central Asia, and North Asia (Siberia)

Europe

European geography so far includes the Balkan Peninsula, Italian peninsula, and Northwest European geography.

Africa

African geography so far includes North African geography and Eastern African geograpy

North America

North American geography includes Northern North America (principally Canada and Alaska), Middle North America (most of the United States), and Southern North America (Mexican, Central American, and Caribbean).

South America

South American geography has not yet been subdivided on this site.

Oceania

Oceanic geography, which includes Australian, Pacific, and Antarctic has not yet been subdivided on this site.


This area makes substantial use of science. Physics and chemistry are indirectly connected. Astronomy is useful, not so much for cosmology, galactic astronomy, or stellar astronomy, but promarily for solar system astronomy. Earth science including geology and hydrospheric science atmospheric science is fundamental to human geography. Atmospheric science including atmospheric structure, meteorology, and climatology will be useful. Physical geography including terrestrial geography, oceanic geography, and mapping is significant. Geohistory including principally the Cenozoic period is also useful to human geography.	Links to other sources: Wikipedia - Human Geography
Biology is also useful. Molecular, cell, and organism biology are not directly useful, but systematics including studies of microbes, protists, plants, fungi, and animals is useful to human geography. Ecology including behavioral ecology, Population ecology, community ecology, system ecology, evolution, ecosystems, and biogeographi is also vital to human geography. biohistory including principally the Cenozoic period is also useful.
Personal studies Studies of the human body including body systems and function, disease and life cycle, and the human form may be useful. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavior patterns, mental disorders, developmental psychology, personality, and social psychology are significant. Particular biographies are all significant. Important contributors to human geography include: Columbus Other Anthropology There are strong connections with social foundations including social presentation, social interaction, social control, social group behavior, and group types. Human geography depends heavily on demography, including birth and fertility, migration, morbidity and mortality, population structure, and population change. It also depends heavily on physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion. It also connects to human ecology including effects of the environment on people, relations with other life, and effects of humans on the environment. Particular groups can also be connected. Culture Material culture including foodstuffs, clothing, buildings, transportation devices, communication devices, industrial technology, and other artifacts may be useful. It depends especially on conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathemtics, applied science, and philosophy. It depends to some extent on behavioral culture including customs, occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events. Institutions Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families may have connections to human geography. Education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and particular schools has some influence on human geography. Economics including economic activites, industry, and economic systems can be connected. Government including law, government activities, government structure, and particular governments has some influence on it. Religion including religious belief, practice, and organization also has some connection. Particular religions including pagan religion, Asiatic religion, Abrahamic religion, and secularism also have some connection to geography. Sociology Social structure and change Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure can be connected. Social types including hunting and gathering, horiticultural, agrarian, and industrial societies can be considered. Social change including social change factors and social change processes can be connected. Particular changes such as the agricultural revolution, agrarian revolution and industrial revolution can be connected. Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City have contributed to it. Various peoples have contributed to it. Some of these contributions can be identified with particular nations, for instance Germany, Egypt, Ethiopia, Turkey, Iran, Thailand and France A great deal of knowledge of human geography is the product of Western civilization. Mexico is significant. Anglic peoples can be connected. The United States is especially important and particularly American peoples have contributed substantially to this. Latin peoples including those of Brazil have contributed. Northeast European peoples such as those of Russia have contributed. Asiatic peoples including the Vietnam have been important, but not as important as Western civilization. Middle Eastern peoples produced geographers, especially in the medieval period, although so far I lack details on the specific contributions of North African, Egyptian, Arabian, Levantine, or Anatolian peoples. South Asian peoples such as those of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh can be considered. Oriental peoples including those of China and Japan can be considered. Southeast Asian peoples including those of Indonesia and the Philippines can be considered. African peoples such as those of Nigeria have some contribution to make. American Indian peoples such as those found in Mexico have contributed a bit less. South American Indians such as those found in Brazil have made few notable contributions to human geography. North American Indians such as those found in the United States have made fairly minimal connections to human geography. History Studies of human geography are little known in prehistory or antiquity. Its growth as a subject from classical and medieval times will be fascinating. Its growth from early classical through late classical and early medieval times can be followed. The modern exploration of the world began in late medieval times. The voyages of Columbus (1492-1504) that opened up the "New World" of the Americas to the knowledge of the "Old World" of Europe, Asia, and Africa, are key developments in human history. 1497-1499 da Gama reaches India by sailing around Africa, initiating the European exploration and exploitation of Asia and Africa. In the modern era, explorers and navigators have explored and described nearly the entire world and its people. The 16th century and the 17th century, and the 18th century were known as the ages of exploration and discovery. During the 18th century, explorations were detailing various continents. The early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century saw considerable advances. This process was mostly completed in the 19th century. I do not yet have details of the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late mid 19th century, or late 19th century. In the 20th century, exploration was nearly complete, but other analysis of human geography remains to be done. For the early 20th century and the early-mid 20th century I lack details. In the mid-20th century, air transport helped considerably. In the late-mid 20th century, space instrumentation began to influence geography. Developments of the late 20th century, including use of computers in human geography, remain to be described. The early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be considered. The early 21st century is also important. Development of details in the early 2000s will include recent events. The late 2000s including 2006, 2007 during the first quarter, second quarter, third quarter, and fourth quarter and 2008 including the first quarter, second quarter with April, May, and June, and third quarter with July, August, and September have more current events. The fourth quarter including October and November can be connected. The future including the near future as far as next month, next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future are obscure.

This area makes substantial use of science. Physics and chemistry are indirectly connected. Astronomy is useful, not so much for cosmology, galactic astronomy, or stellar astronomy, but promarily for solar system astronomy.

Earth science including geology and hydrospheric science atmospheric science is fundamental to human geography. Atmospheric science including atmospheric structure, meteorology, and climatology will be useful. Physical geography including terrestrial geography, oceanic geography, and mapping is significant. Geohistory including principally the Cenozoic period is also useful to human geography.

Links to other sources:

Wikipedia - Human Geography

Biology is also useful. Molecular, cell, and organism biology are not directly useful, but systematics including studies of microbes, protists, plants, fungi, and animals is useful to human geography. Ecology including behavioral ecology, Population ecology, community ecology, system ecology, evolution, ecosystems, and biogeographi is also vital to human geography. biohistory including principally the Cenozoic period is also useful.

Personal studies

Studies of the human body including body systems and function, disease and life cycle, and the human form may be useful. Psychology including behavioral elements, mind, behavior patterns, mental disorders, developmental psychology, personality, and social psychology are significant. Particular biographies are all significant. Important contributors to human geography include:

Columbus

Other Anthropology

There are strong connections with social foundations including social presentation, social interaction, social control, social group behavior, and group types. Human geography depends heavily on demography, including birth and fertility, migration, morbidity and mortality, population structure, and population change. It also depends heavily on physical anthropology including human origins, racial variation, and human dispersion. It also connects to human ecology including effects of the environment on people, relations with other life, and effects of humans on the environment. Particular groups can also be connected.

Culture

Material culture including foodstuffs, clothing, buildings, transportation devices, communication devices, industrial technology, and other artifacts may be useful. It depends especially on conceptual culture including language, graphic arts, literature, mathemtics, applied science, and philosophy. It depends to some extent on behavioral culture including customs, occupations, recreation and entertainment, and cultural events.

Institutions

Families including marriage, parenting, kinship, and particular families may have connections to human geography. Education including research, teaching, cultural institutions, educational organization, and particular schools has some influence on human geography. Economics including economic activites, industry, and economic systems can be connected. Government including law, government activities, government structure, and particular governments has some influence on it. Religion including religious belief, practice, and organization also has some connection. Particular religions including pagan religion, Asiatic religion, Abrahamic religion, and secularism also have some connection to geography.

Sociology

Social structure and change Social structure including anthropological structure, cultural structure, institutional structure, class structure, and community and regional structure can be connected. Social types including hunting and gathering, horiticultural, agrarian, and industrial societies can be considered. Social change including social change factors and social change processes can be connected. Particular changes such as the agricultural revolution, agrarian revolution and industrial revolution can be connected.

Communities such as Tokyo, Seoul, Mexico City, and New York City have contributed to it.

Various peoples have contributed to it. Some of these contributions can be identified with particular nations, for instance Germany, Egypt, Ethiopia, Turkey, Iran, Thailand and France

A great deal of knowledge of human geography is the product of Western civilization. Mexico is significant. Anglic peoples can be connected. The United States is especially important and particularly American peoples have contributed substantially to this. Latin peoples including those of Brazil have contributed. Northeast European peoples such as those of Russia have contributed.

Asiatic peoples including the Vietnam have been important, but not as important as Western civilization. Middle Eastern peoples produced geographers, especially in the medieval period, although so far I lack details on the specific contributions of North African, Egyptian, Arabian, Levantine, or Anatolian peoples. South Asian peoples such as those of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh can be considered. Oriental peoples including those of China and Japan can be considered. Southeast Asian peoples including those of Indonesia and the Philippines can be considered.

African peoples such as those of Nigeria have some contribution to make.

American Indian peoples such as those found in Mexico have contributed a bit less. South American Indians such as those found in Brazil have made few notable contributions to human geography. North American Indians such as those found in the United States have made fairly minimal connections to human geography.

History

Studies of human geography are little known in prehistory or antiquity. Its growth as a subject from classical and medieval times will be fascinating. Its growth from early classical through late classical and early medieval times can be followed. The modern exploration of the world began in late medieval times. The voyages of Columbus (1492-1504) that opened up the "New World" of the Americas to the knowledge of the "Old World" of Europe, Asia, and Africa, are key developments in human history.

1497-1499 da Gama reaches India by sailing around Africa, initiating the European exploration and exploitation of Asia and Africa.

In the modern era, explorers and navigators have explored and described nearly the entire world and its people. The 16th century and the 17th century, and the 18th century were known as the ages of exploration and discovery.

During the 18th century, explorations were detailing various continents. The early 18th century, early mid 18th century, mid 18th century, late mid 18th century, and late 18th century saw considerable advances.

This process was mostly completed in the 19th century. I do not yet have details of the early 19th century, early mid 19th century, mid 19th century, late mid 19th century, or late 19th century.

In the 20th century, exploration was nearly complete, but other analysis of human geography remains to be done. For the early 20th century and the early-mid 20th century I lack details. In the mid-20th century, air transport helped considerably. In the late-mid 20th century, space instrumentation began to influence geography.

Developments of the late 20th century, including use of computers in human geography, remain to be described. The early 1980s, late 1980s, early 1990s, and late 1990s can be considered.

The early 21st century is also important. Development of details in the early 2000s will include recent events. The late 2000s including 2006, 2007 during the first quarter, second quarter, third quarter, and fourth quarter and 2008 including the first quarter, second quarter with April, May, and June, and third quarter with July, August, and September have more current events. The fourth quarter including October and November can be connected.

The future including the near future as far as next month, next quarter, and next year can be considered. The middle future and far future are obscure.

Top