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During prehistory, social foundations and demography, physical anthropology, human ecology, human geography, and particular groups were more or less left to nature. During antiquity, social foundations were mostly left to nature. The practice of taking censuses began to develop. Physical anthropology was noted but little studied, and geography began to develop. A few particular groups can be considered. During classical and medieval times, social foundations were considered by philosophers. Demography advanced only a little, and physical anthropology was considered by philosophers. Human ecology was more or less left to nature, but human geography began to develop. Particular groups can be followed. In modern times, all these subjects began to adopt scientific methods and were studied in considerable detail. Their future is not yet well known. |
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The history of anthropology is not generally well known, and is the subject of ongoing investigation. Developments in particular groups, human geography, human ecology, physical anthropology, demography, and social foundations can be considered.
Development in anthropology during prehistory are obscure. Although the principles of social interaction, demography, human geography, physical anthropology, and particular groups were in operation, knowledge about them must be inferred from physical remains.
The Plioene can be connected. The early Pleistocene can be connected. The early mid Pleistocene can be connected. The late mid Pleistocene can be connected. The late Pleistocene can be connected.
The 5th decamillennium BP can be connected. The 4th decamillennium BP can be connected. The 3rd decamillennium BP can be connected. The 2nd decamillennium BP can be connected.
The early 8th millennium BC can be connected. The late 8th millennium BC can be connected. The early 7th millennium BC can be connected. The late 7th millennium BC can be connected. The early 6th millennium BC can be connected. The late 6th millennium BC can be connected.
There may be a few developments in anthropology that can be traced to antiquity, but in general, this is a difficult area to study.
The early 5th millennium BC can be connected. The early mid 5th millennium BC can be connected. The mid 5th millennium BC can be connected. The late mid 5th millennium BC can be connected. The late 5th millennium BC can be connected.
The early 4th millennium BC can be connected. The early mid 4th millennium BC can be connected. The mid 4th millennium BC can be connected. The late mid 4th millennium BC can be connected. The late 4th millennium BC can be connected.
c 4000-3000 BC Earliest known appearance of writing, asssociated with Sumerian and Egyptian cultures. Recorded history begins, more extensive with each succeeding century
The early 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The early mid 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The mid 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The late mid 3rd millennium BC can be connected. The late 3rd millennium BC can be connected.
The early 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The early mid 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The mid 2nd millennium BC can be connected. The late mid 2nd millennium BC can be connected.The late 2nd millennium BC can be connected.
c. 2000 -1500 BC Approximate period of spread of Indo-European speaking peoples into Europe, Northern Middle Eeat, and India.
A few particular groups may be identified in this period. Human geography was becoming better known. I have few details of human ecology, physical anthropology, demography, or social foundations. The 10th century BC can be considered. The 9th century BC can be connected. The 8th century BC can be connected. The 7th century BC can be connected. The 6th century BC can be connected.
There are some developments in modern anthropology that can be traced to classical and medieval history, since many classical and later writers wrote and speculated on such subjects, but these topics are fairly scattered and unorganized.
c. 313-324 BC Alexander conquers Persian empire, including Egypt, Mesopotamia, and into India
The 5th century BC can be connected to anthropology. The 4th century BC can be connected to anthropology. The 3rd century BC can be connected to anthropology. The 2nd century BC can be connected to anthropology. The 1st century BC can be connected to anthropology.
The chief advances in knowledge of anthropology were associated with increased knowledge of human geography. The 1st century CE can be connected to anthropology. The 2nd century CE can be connected to anthropology. The 3rd century CE can be connected to anthropology in general. The 4th century CE can be connected to anthropology in general. The 5th century CE can be connected to anthropology in general.
The chief advances in knowledge of anthropology were associated with increased knowledge of human geography. The 6th century CE, the 7th century CE, the 8th century CE, the 9th century CE, and the 10th century CE can be connected.
Particular groups can be identified. There were advances in human geography, but little advance in human ecology, physical anthropology, demography, or social foundations in the 11th century, 12th century, 13th century, 14th century, or 15th centjry.
There were numerous developments among particular groups, human geography, human ecology, physical anthropology, demography, and social foundations in the modern period.
Discussions of the near future including next month (June 2011 and July 2011), next quarter including January 2009, February 2008, and March 2009, next year, the middle future including the next five years, next twenty years, next century, and next five centuries, and the far future may be useful.